Binding and metabolism of sex steroids by the hypothalamic-pituitary unit: physiological implications.
Binding and metabolism of sex steroids by the hypothalamic-pituitary unit: physiological implications.
复制标题
下丘脑-垂体单位性类固醇的结合和代谢：生理意义。
DOI：
10.1146/annurev.ph.42.030180.000525
复制
发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
18.2
通讯作者：
B. McEwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. McEwen
在过去的十年中，性类固醇激素的假定受体系统已被确定，其特征在于，并在解剖学上映射在代表性的脊椎动物物种的大脑和脑垂体中。通过三种技术获得了这一信息：（a）体内给予3 H-类固醇后的类固醇放射自显影（36，68），（B）体外受体测定以及（c）体内给予3 H-类固醇和细胞核分离，两者均在脑组织切片上进行（54）。神经类固醇受体似乎是相似的，如果不是相同的，从非神经靶组织的受体系统。它们的作用模式，暗示了它们与外周受体的相似性，被认为是在基因表达和基因组活性调节水平。现在，对这些受体的主要兴趣集中在将它们的神经解剖学位置和它们被内源性和外源性类固醇占据与激素的神经内分泌和行为效应相关。更广泛地说，研究类固醇激素在大脑和垂体中的作用，现在是为了寻找和描述激素分泌启动的化学和细胞过程，这些化学和细胞过程是这些神经内分泌和行为事件的基础。类固醇受体的位置是一个有用的，但不是绝对可靠的指南，在决定在大脑中的位置看。（类固醇的作用可能不涉及这些受体。这一问题在结论意见中予以考虑。）在这里，我回顾了性腺类固醇代谢，受体定位，并在脑功能的受体参与的研究方法。
During the past decade, putative receptor systems for sex steroid hormones have been identified, characterized, and anatomically mapped in the brains and pituitary glands of representative vertebrate species. This information has been obtained by three techniques: (a) steroid autoradiography after in vivo 3H-steroid administration (36,68), and (b) in vitro receptor assays as well as (c) in vivo 3H-steroid administration and cell nuclear isolation, both performed on dissected pieces of brain tissue (54). Neural steroid receptors appear to be similar, if not identical, to receptor systems from nonneural target tissues. Their mode of action, implied by their similarity to peripheral receptors, is presumed to be at the level of gene expression and regulation of genomic activity. Principal interest in these receptors now centers around relating their neuroanatomical location and their occupation by endogenous and exoge nous steroids to neuroendocrine and behavioral effects of the hormones. More broadly speaking, research on steroid hormone action in brain and pituitary is now directed toward finding and describing the hormone initiated chemical and cellular processes that underly these neuroendocrine and behavioral events. The location of steroid receptors is a useful though not infallible guide in deciding where in the brain to look. (Steroid effects may exist that do not involve these receptors. This matter is considered in the Concluding Remarks.) Here I review gonadal steroid metabolism, recep tor localization, and approaches to the study of receptor involvement in brain function.