A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study on Cortical Hemodynamic Responses to Normal and Whispered Speech in 3- to 7-Year-Old Children.
A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study on Cortical Hemodynamic Responses to Normal and Whispered Speech in 3- to 7-Year-Old Children.
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3 至 7 岁儿童皮质血流动力学对正常和耳语言语反应的近红外光谱研究。
DOI：
10.1044/2016_jslhr-h-15-0435
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Minabe Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Remijn GB;Kikuchi M;Yoshimura Y;Shitamichi K;Ueno S;Tsubokawa T;Kojima H;Higashida H;Minabe Y.
目的本研究的目的是评估 3 至 7 岁儿童听两种言语模式（正常发声和耳语言语）时的皮质血流动力学反应模式。理解耳语语音需要处理相对较弱的噪声信号，以及理解说话者耳语原因的认知能力。方法使用近红外光谱 (NIRS) 评估 16 名正常发育儿童的皮质氧合血红蛋白变化。结果发现，在左腹感觉运动区域，不同语言模式之间的氧合血红蛋白水平存在显着差异 皮质。特别是，在代表言语发音身体部位和运动的区域，例如喉部、嘴唇和下巴，耳语时的氧合血红蛋白高于正常言语时的血红蛋白。就声能而言，较弱的刺激会引起更深刻的血流动力学反应。此外，这种情况发生在涉及言语发音的区域，即使孩子们在测量过程中没有公开发音。结论因为耳语是日常生活中不常用的一种特殊的交流形式，我们认为左腹侧感觉运动皮层的血流动力学反应差异是由于产生耳语而不是正常言语所需的不同发音动作的内部（隐蔽）练习或想象造成的。
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess cortical hemodynamic response patterns in 3- to 7-year-old children listening to two speech modes: normally vocalized and whispered speech. Understanding whispered speech requires processing of the relatively weak, noisy signal, as well as the cognitive ability to understand the speaker's reason for whispering.MethodNear-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to assess changes in cortical oxygenated hemoglobin from 16 typically developing children.ResultsA profound difference in oxygenated hemoglobin levels between the speech modes was found over left ventral sensorimotor cortex. In particular, over areas that represent speech articulatory body parts and motion, such as the larynx, lips, and jaw, oxygenated hemoglobin was higher for whisper than for normal speech. The weaker stimulus, in terms of sound energy, thus induced the more profound hemodynamic response. This, moreover, occurred over areas involved in speech articulation, even though the children did not overtly articulate speech during measurements.ConclusionBecause whisper is a special form of communication not often used in daily life, we suggest that the hemodynamic response difference over left ventral sensorimotor cortex resulted from inner (covert) practice or imagination of the different articulatory actions necessary to produce whisper as opposed to normal speech.