Internal tobacco industry research on olfactory and trigeminal nerve response to nicotine and other smoke components
Internal tobacco industry research on olfactory and trigeminal nerve response to nicotine and other smoke components
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DOI：
10.1080/14622200701648458
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Connolly, Gregory N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Megerdichian, Christine L.;Rees, Vaughan W.;Connolly, Gregory N.
有证据表明，除了尼古丁的中枢药理作用外，其他因素在促进吸烟行为方面也很重要。一种这样的非尼古丁效应包括感官刺激，它可能通过与尼古丁的有益效果建立习得的联系来促进吸烟，或者通过构成一种独立于尼古丁的有益体验来促进吸烟。本研究使用烟草行业内部文件，考察了烟草行业在理解和操纵烟草烟雾对感觉神经的刺激以及感觉刺激对吸烟者行为的影响方面所做的努力。研究的重点是头部和颈部的感觉神经，包括携带味道和气味的嗅神经，以及携带刺激性信息的三叉神经。烟草行业维持着一项系统的研究计划，旨在阐明感觉神经对尼古丁和烟草烟雾其他成分的反应，并试图开发能够增强吸烟者感觉反应的尼古丁类化合物。行业研究似乎意在帮助开发更具消费者吸引力的新产品。烟草行业已经认识到感官反应通过联合机制在增强尼古丁依赖方面的潜在影响，但这一领域的研究证据有限。这些发现增加了工业操纵感官因素以增强吸烟行为的证据，并可能对开发更有效的治疗策略有意义，包括更“可接受的”尼古丁替代疗法。
Evidence has shown that factors other than the central pharmacological effects of nicotine are important in promoting smoking behavior. One such non-nicotine effect includes sensory stimulation, which may promote smoking by developing learned associations with nicotine's rewarding effects, or by constituting a rewarding experience independent of nicotine. The present study used internal tobacco industry documents to examine industry efforts to understand and manipulate stimulation of the sensory nerves by tobacco smoke, and the influence of sensory stimulation on smoker behavior. Research focused on sensory nerves of the head and neck, including the olfactory nerve, which carries flavor and odor, and the trigeminal nerve, which carries irritant information. The tobacco industry maintained a systematic research program designed to elucidate an understanding of responses of sensory nerves to nicotine and other components of tobacco smoke, and attempted to develop nicotine-like compounds that would enhance sensory responses in smokers. Industry research appeared intended to aid in the development of new products with greater consumer appeal. The potential influence of sensory response in enhancing nicotine dependence through an associative mechanism was acknowledged by the tobacco industry, but evidence for research in this area was limited. These findings add to evidence of industry manipulation of sensory factors to enhance smoking behavior and may have implications for development of more effective treatment strategies, including more "acceptable" nicotine replacement therapies.