Habitat Relationships Among Grasshoppers (Orthoptera:Acrididae) at the Western Limit of the Great Plains in Colorado
Habitat Relationships Among Grasshoppers (Orthoptera:Acrididae) at the Western Limit of the Great Plains in Colorado
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科罗拉多州大平原西部边界的蝗虫（直翅目：蝗科）的栖息地关系
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发表时间：
1999
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通讯作者：
J. H. Bock
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作者：
David P Craig;C. Bock;B. Bennett;J. H. Bock
1995-1996年，我们在科罗拉多州博尔德市的66块草地、混交草、高粱和干草草地上测量了蝗虫的密度。蝗虫作为一个群体，以及大多数物种的个体，在相对稀疏的短草地和混合草地上比在郁郁葱葱的干草地和高草草地上更多--这一结果与大多数物种需要温暖和阳光充足的开阔土地才能生存和繁殖的假设一致。在短草植被中，带翅蝗亚科与开阔的地面尤其相关，而在杂草区，杂草丛中的杂草丛最多，杂草丛和禾本科的覆盖率都很高。斜面蝗亚科(Gomphocerinae)在生境中的分布最为均匀，但通常与草地与杂草覆盖比例相对较高的地块有关。虽然博尔德空地上最常见的25种蝗虫中有20种出现在所有四种草原类型中，但每种栖息地都由一组独特的物种主导。然而，在短草、混草和高草地块上，数量上占主导地位的蝗虫与大平原其他地方相同栖息地的优势物种群体只有松散的相似之处。虽然大多数大平原蝗虫分布广泛，但它们显然在数量上对当地尺度的环境条件组合做出反应。1995-1996年在Boulder空地上常见的蝗虫物种与20世纪50年代在该地区收集的蝗虫物种相同。我们的结果表明，这些受保护的草原虽然受到外来植被的入侵，并被郊区化破坏，但仍然有效地保护着这一特殊的昆虫群体。
Abstract We measured grasshopper densities on 66 shortgrass, mixed grass, tallgrass and hayfield plots on Boulder, Colorado, open space in 1995–1996. Grasshoppers as a group, and most species individually, were more abundant on relatively sparse short and mixed grass plots than on lusher hayfields and tallgrass plots—a result consistent with the hypothesis that most species require warm and sunny open ground for survival and reproduction. Bandwinged grasshoppers (Oedipodinae) were particularly associated with open ground in shortgrass vegetation, whereas spur-throated grasshoppers (Melanoplinae) were most abundant in mixed grass plots with a high percentage of forb vs. graminoid cover. Slant-faced grasshoppers (Gomphocerinae) were the most uniformly distributed among habitats, but were generally associated with plots including relatively high proportions of grass vs. forb cover. While 20 of the 25 most common grasshopper species on Boulder open space occurred in all four grassland types, each habitat was dominated by a distinctive set of species. However, numerically dominant grasshoppers on short, mixed and tallgrass plots only loosely resembled groups of dominant species in the same habitats elsewhere on the Great Plains. While most Great Plains grasshoppers are widely distributed, they are apparently numerically responsive to combinations of environmental conditions expressed at local scales. Common species of grasshoppers on Boulder open space in 1995–1996 were the same as those collected in the region in the 1950s. Our results suggest these protected grasslands, although invaded by alien vegetation and fragmented by suburbanization, are still effectively conserving this particular insect group.