Can plastic pollution drive the emergence and dissemination of novel zoonotic diseases?
Can plastic pollution drive the emergence and dissemination of novel zoonotic diseases?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2024.118172
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发表时间：
2024-01-19
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Quilliam，Richard S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ormsby，Michael J.;Woodford，Luke;Quilliam，Richard S.
随着环境中塑料数量的增加，人类与塑料污染的相互作用也在增加。同样，家畜、野生动物和野生动物越来越多地与塑料污染相互作用，突显了塑料垃圾被动物粪便、尿液、唾液和血液污染的可能性。大量证据表明，一旦进入环境，塑料很快就会被微生物生物膜(所谓的“塑料圈”)殖民，其中往往包括潜在的有害微生物病原体(包括本质上是人畜共患病的病原体)。气候变化、城市化程度的提高和农业的集约化，意味着人、动物和塑料污染之间的三向互动正变得更加频繁，这一点意义重大，因为上个世纪几乎60%的新出现的人类传染病是人畜共患病。在这里，我们批判性地回顾了受污染的环境塑料促进新的微生物致病菌株进化的可能性，以及随后塑料污染在人畜共患病病原体周期性传播中的作用。随着人类、动物和塑料污染之间的相互作用不断增加，进入环境的塑料数量增加，显然迫切需要更好地了解塑料垃圾在促进人畜共患病病原体进化和传播方面的作用，以及这可能对环境和人类健康产生的影响。
As the volume of plastic in the environment increases, so too does human interactions with plastic pollution. Similarly, domestic, feral, and wild animals are increasingly interacting with plastic pollution, highlighting the potential for contamination of plastic wastes with animal faeces, urine, saliva, and blood. Substantial evidence indicates that once in the environment, plastics rapidly become colonised by microbial biofilm (the so-called ‘plastisphere), which often includes potentially harmful microbial pathogens (including pathogens that are zoonotic in nature). Climate change, increased urbanisation, and the intensification of agriculture, mean that the three-way interactions between humans, animals, and plastic pollution are becoming more frequent, which is significant as almost 60% of emerging human infectious diseases during the last century have been zoonotic. Here, we critically review the potential for contaminated environmental plastics to facilitate the evolution of novel pathogenic strains of microorganisms, and the subsequent role of plastic pollution in the cyclical dissemination of zoonotic pathogens. As the interactions between humans, animals, and plastic pollution continues to grow, and the volume of plastics entering the environment increases, there is clearly an urgent need to better understand the role of plastic waste in facilitating zoonotic pathogen evolution and dissemination, and the effect this can have on environmental and human health.