Postnatal Migration of Cerebellar Interneurons.
Postnatal Migration of Cerebellar Interneurons.
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DOI：
10.3390/brainsci7060062
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发表时间：
2017-06-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Komuro H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Galas L;Bénard M;Lebon A;Komuro Y;Schapman D;Vaudry H;Vaudry D;Komuro H
由于小脑在出生后的持续发育，它是研究出生后中间神经元迁移的独特模型。荧光标记和离体/体内成像的组合揭示了小脑皮质层（外部颗粒层，分子层，浦肯野细胞层和内部颗粒层）内的细胞高速公路网络。在出生后的前两周，跳跃运动，短暂的停止阶段，细胞间的相互作用/接触，和细胞外基质的降解标记出小脑中间神经元，特别是颗粒细胞和篮状/星状细胞，到它们的最终位置的路线。此外，皮质层特异性调节因子如神经肽（垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽（PACAP）、生长抑素）或蛋白质（组织型纤溶酶原激活物（tPA）、胰岛素生长因子-1（IGF-1））已显示抑制或刺激中间神经元的迁移过程。这些因素显示出进一步的复杂性，因为生长抑素、PACAP或tPA对中间神经元迁移具有相反的影响或没有影响，这取决于它们作用于哪一层或哪种细胞类型。来自环境条件（光刺激、污染物）、营养物质或滥用药物（酒精）的外部因素也会改变正常的细胞迁移，导致小脑疾病。
Due to its continuing development after birth, the cerebellum represents a unique model for studying the postnatal orchestration of interneuron migration. The combination of fluorescent labeling and ex/in vivo imaging revealed a cellular highway network within cerebellar cortical layers (the external granular layer, the molecular layer, the Purkinje cell layer, and the internal granular layer). During the first two postnatal weeks, saltatory movements, transient stop phases, cell-cell interaction/contact, and degradation of the extracellular matrix mark out the route of cerebellar interneurons, notably granule cells and basket/stellate cells, to their final location. In addition, cortical-layer specific regulatory factors such as neuropeptides (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), somatostatin) or proteins (tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1)) have been shown to inhibit or stimulate the migratory process of interneurons. These factors show further complexity because somatostatin, PACAP, or tPA have opposite or no effect on interneuron migration depending on which layer or cell type they act upon. External factors originating from environmental conditions (light stimuli, pollutants), nutrients or drug of abuse (alcohol) also alter normal cell migration, leading to cerebellar disorders.