Fungal Infection of Mantis Shrimp (Oratosquilla oratoria) Caused by Two Anamorphic Fungi Found in Japan
Fungal Infection of Mantis Shrimp (Oratosquilla oratoria) Caused by Two Anamorphic Fungi Found in Japan
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DOI：
10.1007/s11046-008-9174-4
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Udagawa, Shun-Ichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pham Minh Duc;Hatai, Kishio;Udagawa, Shun-Ichi
日本山口县和爱知县的口虾蛄（Oratosquilla oratoria）的两种真菌病原体被描述为新种口虾蛄Plectosporium oratosquillae和枝顶孢属（Acremonium sp.）（Emericellopsis海洋分支的成员）。这两种真菌都会感染螳螂虾的鳃，由于黑化，鳃会变成棕色或黑色。前者在人工海水酵母提取物蛋白胨葡萄糖（PYGS）琼脂上生长缓慢，菌落呈淡黄色至淡橙子色或灰黄色，瓶梗短圆柱形，顶端呈波浪形，分生孢子单细胞椭圆形。虽然缺乏模式种烟草斑点病菌（Plectosporium tabacinum）的双细胞分生孢子，但通过核糖体DNA内转录间隔区（ITS）（ITS 1、5.8S rDNA和ITS 2）的DNA序列分析，证实了该新种的分类地位。枝顶孢属，另一种致病病原体与口虾蛄疫霉的不同之处在于其在PYGS琼脂上生长迅速，菌落呈浅橙子至鲑鱼色，分生孢子梗细长，由顶端无波状轮廓的单瓶梗组成，典型的分生孢子为圆柱形。ITS和β-微管蛋白基因序列的分析将该真菌置于遗传学上不同的Emericellopsis（anam.枝顶孢属）海生分支。还研究了这两种病原菌的各种生理特性。这是日本首次报道在螳螂虾身上发现真菌感染。
Two fungal pathogens of the mantis shrimp (Oratosquilla oratoria) in Yamaguchi and Aichi Prefectures, Japan are described as the new species Plectosporium oratosquillae and Acremonium sp. (a member of the Emericellopsis marine clade). Both fungi infect the gills of the mantis shrimp, which become brown or black due to melanization. The former species is characterized by its slow growth on artificial seawater yeast extract peptone glucose (PYGS) agar, pale yellow to pale orange or grayish yellow colonies, short cylindrical solitary phialides with a wavy tip, and one-celled ellipsoidal conidia. Although lacking the two-celled conidia demonstrated by the type species Plectosporium tabacinum, the taxonomic placement of the new species was confirmed by DNA sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (ITS1, 5.8S rDNA and ITS2). Acremonium sp., the other causal pathogen, differs from P. oratosquillae by its fast growth on PYGS agar, pale orange to salmon-colored colonies, long, slender conidiophores consisting of solitary phialides with tips lacking an undulate outline, and typically cylindrical conidia. Analysis of ITS and beta-tubulin gene sequences placed this fungus within the phylogenetically distinct Emericellopsis (anam. Acremonium) marine clade. Various physiological characteristics of both pathogens were also investigated. This is the first report of a fungal infection found on the mantis shrimp in Japan.