Diversity in anopheline larval habitats and adult composition during the dry and wet seasons in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)
Diversity in anopheline larval habitats and adult composition during the dry and wet seasons in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-9-78
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发表时间：
2010-03-19
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Dabire, Roch K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fournet, Florence;Cussac, Maud;Dabire, Roch K.
背景：在(布基纳法索)瓦加杜古镇干旱期间，经常记录到几例疟疾病例。为此，设计了一系列以寄生虫学和昆虫学调查为重点的研究，旨在根据城市化方式提供当地疟疾传播风险的相关卫生数据。方法：2006年4月和10月在瓦加杜古各区进行了横断面昆虫学调查。用CDC诱捕器和室内喷洒杀虫剂，连续4个昼夜在4户人家采集成虫媒介。结果：4月份，按蚊繁殖点只有半永久性或永久性沼泽，主要分布在两个外围地区。尽管在这些繁殖点存在按蚊幼虫，但冈比亚按蚊不到5只。通过CDC诱捕器和室内喷洒杀虫剂捕获成虫。10月份，除了4月份报告的永久繁殖点外，还发现一些降雨沼泽对按蚊呈阳性反应。四月份的成蚊数目(2只)较十月份的159只为高。从115只按蚊幼虫中检出。冈比亚亚种4月份经聚合酶链式反应分析，59.1%(68/115)为阿拉伯按蚊，39.1%(45/115)为AN。冈比亚M，而S型只占不到2%。10月份，通过聚合酶链式反应鉴定出120头幼虫和86头雌虫。冈比亚M型(51%)和An.阿拉伯(42.2%)。S表仅占6.8%。全球记录的子孢子虫率很高(6.8%)，除中心区没有检测到阳性蚊子外，其他地区之间没有差异。结论：虽然在最干燥的月份只有很少的成虫被活跃捕获，但疟疾媒介全年持续存在，增加了城市疟疾传播的风险。周边地区的疟疾病媒分布较为丰富，更接近农村聚居地。讨论了疟疾流行的演变情况，以及在旱季期间瓦加杜古以及许多非洲城市造成传播风险的因素。
Background: Several cases of malaria are frequently recorded during the dry period in Ouagadougou town (Burkina Faso). This has led to the design of a series of studies focusing on both parasitological and entomological investigations intended to provide relevant health data on the risk of local malaria transmission according to the way of urbanisation.Methods: A cross-sectional entomological survey was carried out in various districts of Ouagadougou in April and October 2006. Adult malaria vectors were collected using CDC traps and indoor insecticide spraying performed in four houses during four consecutive days/nights. Intensive larval sampling was also done in available water ponds throughout the study sites.Results: In April, the anopheline breeding sites consisted only of semi-permanent or permanent swamps located mainly in the two peripheral districts. Despite the presence of anopheline larvae in these breeding sites, less than five Anopheles gambiae s.l. adults were caught by CDC traps and indoor insecticide spraying. In October, additionally to the permanent breeding sites reported in April, some rainfall swamps were also found positive to anophelines. The number of adults' mosquitoes was higher than that collected in April (2 vs 159 in October). Out of 115 larvae of An. gambiae s.l. analysed by PCR in April, 59.1% (68/115) were identified as Anopheles arabiensis, 39.1% (45/115) as An. gambiae M while the S form represented less than 2%. Overall 120 larvae and 86 females were identified by PCR in October as An. gambiae M form (51%) and An. arabiensis (42.2%). The S form represented only 6.8%. The global sporozoite rate recorded was high (6.8%) and did not differ between the districts except in the central district where no positive mosquito was detected.Conclusion: Although only few adults' mosquitoes were actively caught during the driest month, malaria vectors persisted all year long that increases the risk of urban malaria transmission. The distribution of breeding sites and especially the occurrence of malaria vectors were more abundant in the periphery, which is more like that of a rural settlement. The evolution of malaria prevalence and the factors sustaining the risk of transmission in Ouagadougou as well in many African cities during the dry season are discussed.