Witnessing a violent death and smoking, alcohol consumption, and marijuana use among adolescents.
Witnessing a violent death and smoking, alcohol consumption, and marijuana use among adolescents.
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目睹青少年暴力死亡以及吸烟、饮酒和吸食大麻。
DOI：
10.1007/s11524-013-9828-5
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kawachi,Ichiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pabayo,Roman;Molnar,BethE;Kawachi,Ichiro
目击暴力与适应不良的应对行为有关，如吸烟、饮酒和吸食大麻。然而，需要更多的研究来确定目睹暴力导致这些行为的机制。这项调查的目的是研究目睹暴力死亡与青少年吸烟，饮酒和大麻使用之间的关联，以确定是否表现出抑郁症状是这种关系中的一个调解人，并确定那些在学校有成人支持的人是否不太可能从事危险的健康行为。数据收集自参与2008年波士顿青年调查的18所公立高中的1,878名城市学生。2012年，我们使用多水平对数二项回归模型和倾向评分匹配来估计目睹暴力死亡与吸烟，饮酒和大麻使用之间的关联。分析表明，目睹暴力死亡的女孩更有可能使用大麻（相对危险度（RR）= 1.09，95%置信区间（CI）= 1.02，1.17），并倾向于吸烟的可能性更高（RR = 1.06，95%CI = 1.00，1.13）和饮酒（RR = 1.07，95%CI = 0.97，1.18）。在男孩中，目睹暴力死亡的人更有可能吸烟（RR = 1.20，95%CI = 1.11，1.29），饮酒（RR = 1.30，95%CI = 1.17，1.45）和使用大麻（RR = 1.33，95%CI = 1.21，1.46）。当包括表现出抑郁症状时，估计值没有减弱。然而，在目睹暴力死亡的女孩中，有一个成年人在学校提供支持可以防止饮酒。当我们使用倾向评分匹配时，结果仅与男孩的主要分析一致。这项研究增加了对目睹暴力如何导致不良健康行为的深入了解。
Witnessing violence has been linked to maladaptive coping behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and marijuana use. However, more research is required to identify mechanisms in which witnessing violence leads to these behaviors. The objectives of this investigation were to examine the association between witnessing a violent death and smoking, alcohol consumption, and marijuana use among adolescents, to identify whether exhibiting depressive symptoms was a mediator within this relationship, and to determine if those who had adult support in school were less likely to engage in risky health behaviors. Data were collected from a sample of 1,878 urban students, from 18 public high schools participating in the 2008 Boston Youth Survey. In 2012, we used multilevel log-binomial regression models and propensity score matching to estimate the association between witnessing a violent death and smoking, alcohol consumption, and marijuana use. Analyses indicated that girls who witnessed a violent death were more likely to use marijuana (relative risk (RR) = 1.09, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.02, 1.17), and tended towards a higher likelihood to smoke (RR = 1.06, 95 % CI = 1.00, 1.13) and consume alcohol (RR = 1.07, 95 % CI = 0.97, 1.18). Among boys, those who witnessed a violent death were significantly more likely to smoke (RR = 1.20, 95 % CI = 1.11, 1.29), consume alcohol (RR = 1.30, 95 % CI = 1.17, 1.45) and use marijuana (RR = 1.33, 95 % CI = 1.21, 1.46). When exhibiting depressive symptoms was included, estimates were not attenuated. However, among girls who witnessed a violent death, having an adult at school for support was protective against alcohol consumption. When we used propensity score matching, findings were consistent with the main analyses among boys only. This study adds insight into how witnessing violence can lead to adoption of adverse health behaviors.