Toxicity and field efficacy of avermectins against codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on apples
Toxicity and field efficacy of avermectins against codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on apples
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DOI：
10.1093/jee/88.3.708
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发表时间：
1995-06
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
D. L. Cox;A. Knight;D. Biddinger;J. Lasota;B. Pikounis;L. Hull;R. A. Dybas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. L. Cox;A. Knight;D. Biddinger;J. Lasota;B. Pikounis;L. Hull;R. A. Dybas
在实验室和田间残留生物测定和田间效力研究中测试阿维菌素化合物，以确定其对苹果蠹蛾（Cydia pomonella（L.）幼虫在实验室中，MK-0244的LC 50为0.08 ppm。MK-0244的毒性分别是阿维菌素、甲基阿嗪和阿维菌素8，9-氧化物的109倍、30倍和104倍。阿维菌素和MK-0244在减少幼虫进入苹果中方面同样有效;然而，需要将两者的浓度增加>50倍以防止蜇伤。相比之下，对于类似的有效性，仅需要2倍浓度增加的甲基吖嗪草酮。变量刺痛和进入损害减少年轻与老苹果时，观察到阿维菌素和azinoprotein甲基处理。用阿维菌素处理的老苹果在施用后14 d内免受入口损害，而azinoprotein处理的苹果在7 d内没有刺痛和入口，在14 d内没有入口损害。在田间条件下，单次施用阿维菌素和MK-0244与每代苹果蠹蛾多次施用相比，在防止进入方面同样有效，尽管用任一处理获得的控制水平在商业上不可接受。
Avermectin compounds were tested in laboratory and field residual bioassays and field efficacy studies to determine their toxicity and effectiveness against codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), larvae. In the laboratory, the LC50 for MK-0244 was 0.08 ppm. MK-0244 was ≈9, 30, and 104 times more toxic than abamectin, azinphosmethyl, and abamectin 8,9-oxide, respectively. Abamectin and MK-0244 were equally effective in reducing larval entries into apples; however, >50-fold increase in concentration of both was required to prevent stings. In contrast, only a 2-fold concentration increase of azinphosmethyl was required for similar effectiveness. Variable sting and entry damage reduction was observed on young versus older apples when treated with avermectins and azinphosmethyl. Older apples treated with avermectins were protected from entry damage for 14 d after application, whereas azinphosmethyl-treated apples had no stings and entries for 7 d and entry damage through 14 d. Under field conditions, single applications of abamectin and MK-0244 versus multiple applications per codling moth generation were equally effective in preventing entries, although the level of control obtained with either treatment was not commercially acceptable.