Bilingual advantages in executive functioning: Evidence from a low-income sample
Bilingual advantages in executive functioning: Evidence from a low-income sample
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DOI：
10.1177/01427237211024220
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发表时间：
2021-07-21
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Gilger, Jeffrey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grote, Kandice S.;Scott, Rose M.;Gilger, Jeffrey
最近的研究表明，双语者可能在执行功能的几个领域表现出优势，包括工作记忆、抑制控制和注意力控制。然而，很少有研究考察较低社会经济地位(SES)人群中双语的潜在优势。在这里，我们通过调查低SES西班牙语-英语双语学龄前儿童是否表现出相对于两个单语控制组(英语、西班牙语)的执行功能优势来解决这一文献中的差距。在三个实验中，双语儿童在两种不同的视觉-空间记忆以及抑制和注意力控制措施上表现出更好的表现。这些结果表明，在学龄前几年，双语者在执行功能方面表现出广泛的优势，这些优势在处于不利地位、SES低的人群中表现得尤为明显。
Recent research suggests that bilinguals might exhibit advantages in several areas of executive function, including working memory, inhibitory control, and attentional control. However, few studies have examined potential bilingual advantages within lower socioeconomic status (SES) populations. Here we addressed this gap in the literature by investigating whether low-SES Spanish-English bilingual preschoolers exhibited advantages in executive function relative to two monolingual control groups (English, Spanish). Across three experiments, bilingual children exhibited superior performance on two different measures of visual-spatial memory, as well as measures of inhibitory and attentional control. These results suggest that bilinguals exhibit broad advantages in executive function during the preschool years, and these advantages are evident within a disadvantaged, low-SES population.