The association between low level exposures to ambient air pollution and term low birth weight: a retrospective cohort study.
The association between low level exposures to ambient air pollution and term low birth weight: a retrospective cohort study.
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DOI：
10.1186/1476-069x-5-3
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发表时间：
2006-02-17
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith-Doiron, Marc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dugandzic, Rose;Dodds, Linda;Smith-Doiron, Marc
背景技术背景：在空气污染水平相对较高的地区进行的研究发现，暴露于环境空气污染水平与包括低出生体重（LBW）在内的几种出生结果之间存在一定的正相关性。本研究的目的是在一个低水平暴露的地区，通过暴露的三个月来检查足月婴儿LBW与环境空气污染之间的关系。LBW与直径不超过10 μ m的颗粒物（PM10）的环境水平之间的关系，二氧化硫（SO2）和地面臭氧（O3）使用新斯科舍省Atlee围产期数据库和加拿大环境部国家空气污染监测数据进行评估监测网络和新斯科舍省环境部。队列包括1988年1月1日至2000年12月31日期间的活产单胎（妊娠≥ 37周）。母亲暴露于空气污染被分配给妇女生活在25公里内的监测站在出生时。空气污染作为一个连续的和分类变量（使用四分位数曝光），每个三个月和相对风险进行了估计，从逻辑回归，调整混杂variables.RESULTS：有74,284名妇女与长期，单胎分娩在研究期间，与曝光数据。在未校正出生年份的分析中，妊娠早期暴露于SO2和PM10的最高四分位数表明分娩低出生体重婴儿的风险增加（SO2暴露的相对风险= 1.36，95%置信区间= 1.04至1.78，PM10的相对风险= 1.33，95%置信区间= 1.02至1.74）。校正出生年份后，相对风险有所减弱，但无统计学意义。随着暴露水平的增加，观察到SO2的剂量-反应关系。没有统计学上的显着影响，注意到臭氧。结论：我们的研究结果表明，在头三个月暴露于相对较低水平的一些空气污染物可能与足月出生的婴儿出生体重的减少。这些发现对制定有效的风险管理策略，以尽量减少对孕妇的公共卫生影响的影响。
BACKGROUND: Studies in areas with relatively high levels of air pollution have found some positive associations between exposures to ambient levels of air pollution and several birth outcomes including low birth weight (LBW). The purpose of this study was to examine the association between LBW among term infants and ambient air pollution, by trimester of exposure, in a region of lower level exposures.METHODS: The relationship between LBW and ambient levels of particulate matter up to 10 um in diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ground-level ozone (O3) was evaluated using the Nova Scotia Atlee Perinatal Database and ambient air monitoring data from the Environment Canada National Air Pollution Surveillance Network and the Nova Scotia Department of Environment. The cohort consisted of live singleton births (> or =37 weeks of gestation) between January 1, 1988 and December 31, 2000. Maternal exposures to air pollution were assigned to women living within 25 km of a monitoring station at the time of birth. Air pollution was evaluated as a continuous and categorical variable (using quartile exposures) for each trimester and relative risks were estimated from logistic regression, adjusted for confounding variables.RESULTS: There were 74,284 women with a term, singleton birth during the study period and with exposure data. In the analyses unadjusted for year of birth, first trimester exposures in the highest quartile for SO2 and PM10 suggested an increased risk of delivering a LBW infant (relative risk = 1.36, 95% confidence interval = 1.04 to 1.78 for SO2 exposure and relative risk = 1.33, 95% confidence interval = 1.02 to 1.74 for PM10). After adjustment for birth year, the relative risks were attenuated somewhat and not statistically significant. A dose-response relationship for SO2 was noted with increasing levels of exposure. No statistically significant effects were noted for ozone.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that exposure during the first trimester to relatively low levels of some air pollutants may be associated with a reduction in birth weight in term-born infants. These findings have implications for the development of effective risk management strategies to minimize the public health impacts for pregnant women.