Gender differences in cognitive function and grip strength: a cross-national comparison of four European regions
Gender differences in cognitive function and grip strength: a cross-national comparison of four European regions
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DOI：
10.1093/eurpub/cky266
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Lindahl-Jacobsen, Rune
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahrenfeldt, Linda Juel;Scheel-Hincke, Lasse Lybecker;Lindahl-Jacobsen, Rune
背景资料：关于性别差异的跨国比较研究主要集中在预期寿命上，而较少的研究审查了各国之间的健康差异。我们的目的是调查欧洲地区认知功能和握力随年龄和时间的性别差异。研究方法：我们进行了一项横断面研究，包括51292名男性和62007名女性，年龄在50岁以上，参与了2004-05年至2015年期间欧洲健康，老龄化和退休调查。线性回归模型被用来检查协会。结果：一般来说，女性的认知功能比男性好，而男性的握力测量值更高。随着时间的推移，性别差异是一致的，但随着年龄的增长而减少。与男性相比，女性在50-59岁时的认知评分较高，相当于0.17 SD（95% CI 0.14，0.20），但在80-89岁时评分略低（0.08 SD，95% CI 0.14，0.00）。对于握力，性别差异从50-59岁的18.8 kg（95% CI 18.5，19.1）降至90岁以上的8.5 kg（95% CI 7.1，9.9）。北方欧洲人的认知得分（19.6%）和握力测量（13.8%）高于南欧人。不同地区在握力方面的性别差异相似，而在认知功能方面差异很大，南欧在60-89岁之间男性占优势。结论：我们的研究结果表明，健康的性别差异取决于所选择的健康维度和研究的年龄组，并强调在认知性别差异的研究中考虑区域差异的重要性。
Background: Cross-national comparison studies on gender differences have mainly focussed on life expectancy, while less research has examined differences in health across countries. We aimed to investigate gender differences in cognitive function and grip strength over age and time across European regions. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study including 51 292 men and 62 007 women aged 50 + participating in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe between 2004-05 and 2015. Linear regression models were used to examine associations. Results: In general, women had better cognitive function than men, whereas men had higher grip strength measures. Sex differences were consistent over time, but decreased with age. Compared with men, women had higher cognitive scores at ages 50-59, corresponding to 0.17 SD (95% CI 0.14, 0.20) but slightly lower scores at ages 80-89 (0.08 SD, 95% CI 0.14, 0.00). For grip strength, the sex difference decreased from 18.8 kg (95% CI 18.5, 19.1) at ages 50-59 to 8.5 kg (95% CI 7.1, 9.9) at age 90 +. Northern Europeans had higher cognitive scores (19.6%) and grip strength measures (13.8%) than Southern Europeans. Gender differences in grip strength were similar across regions, whereas for cognitive function they varied considerably, with Southern Europe having a male advantage from ages 60-89. Conclusion: Our results illustrate that gender differences in health depend on the selected health dimension and the age group studied, and emphasize the importance of considering regional differences in research on cognitive gender differences.