"Methanoplasmatales," Thermoplasmatales-Related Archaea in Termite Guts and Other Environments, Are the Seventh Order of Methanogens
"Methanoplasmatales," Thermoplasmatales-Related Archaea in Termite Guts and Other Environments, Are the Seventh Order of Methanogens
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02193-12
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Brune, Andreas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Paul, Kristina;Nonoh, James O.;Brune, Andreas
广古菌群包括产甲烷和非产甲烷的目的和许多谱系的未培养的古菌与未知的属性。其中一个分支较深的谱系，与热胞浆菌目（Thermoplasmatales）有远亲关系，已在各种环境中发现，包括海洋栖息地、土壤以及白蚁和哺乳动物的肠道。通过比较系统发育分析，我们连接这个谱系的16S rRNA基因的一个大的分支未知的mcrA基因序列，甲烷生成的功能标记，从相同的栖息地。16S rRNA和mcrA基因树的相同拓扑结构以及所有分支的完美一致性，包括我们从白蚁和蟑螂的肠道中获得的几个新组，强烈表明它们来自相同的微生物。这进一步得到了来自高等白蚁（乌干达土白蚁）和千足虫（Anadenobolus sp.）肠道的密切相关的产甲烷菌的两种高度富集培养物的证实，其代表各自树中的节肢动物特异性集群之一。从其他白蚁和蟑螂的肠道中获得了许多其他对的栖息地特异性序列簇，但也在先前公布的哺乳动物肠道数据集中发现了这些序列簇（例如，瘤胃集群C）和其他环境。连同最近描述的从人类粪便中分离的Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis，其中福尔斯落入水稻聚类III，我们的研究结果强烈支持的想法，即整个分支的“未培养的Thermoplasmatales”，实际上代表了第七阶产甲烷古菌，为临时名称“Methanoplasmatales”的建议。
The Euryarchaeota comprise both methanogenic and nonmethanogenic orders and many lineages of uncultivated archaea with unknown properties. One of these deep-branching lineages, distantly related to the Thermoplasmatales, has been discovered in various environments, including marine habitats, soil, and also the intestinal tracts of termites and mammals. By comparative phylogenetic analysis, we connected this lineage of 16S rRNA genes to a large clade of unknown mcrA gene sequences, a functional marker for methanogenesis, obtained from the same habitats. The identical topologies of 16S rRNA and mcrA gene trees and the perfect congruence of all branches, including several novel groups that we obtained from the guts of termites and cockroaches, strongly suggested that they stem from the same microorganisms. This was further corroborated by two highly enriched cultures of closely related methanogens from the guts of a higher termite (Cubitermes ugandensis) and a millipede (Anadenobolus sp.), which represented one of the arthropod-specific clusters in the respective trees. Numerous other pairs of habitat-specific sequence clusters were obtained from the guts of other termites and cockroaches but were also found in previously published data sets from the intestinal tracts of mammals (e.g., rumen cluster C) and other environments. Together with the recently described Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis isolated from human feces, which falls into rice cluster III, the results of our study strongly support the idea that the entire clade of "uncultured Thermoplasmatales" in fact represents the seventh order of methanogenic archaea, for which the provisional name "Methanoplasmatales" is proposed.