Consanguineous Marriage, Kinship Ecology, and Market Transition
Consanguineous Marriage, Kinship Ecology, and Market Transition
复制标题
近亲结婚、亲属生态与市场转型
作者：
M. Shenk;M. Towner;E. Voss;N. Alam
本文使用密集和广泛的亲属关系系统的框架来组织和理解大量关于跨文化近亲婚姻的研究，特别是记录随着市场一体化而减少近亲婚姻的人口学和发展研究。我们认为，虽然农业生存往往与密集的亲属制度（包括亲属婚姻）相关，但对市场经济的参与程度不断提高会促使向更广泛的亲属制度的转变，并可能形成一种新的文化利基。我们使用来自孟加拉国农村 Matlab 的定量和定性数据测试了这个模型，该地区正在从农业经济快速过渡到市场经济，并发现我们的模型部分得到定量数据的支持，并得到定性数据的大力支持。然而，我们还观察到，Matlab 中的近亲结婚率并没有下降，这可能是表兄弟之间爱情婚姻的新趋势的结果，该趋势正在取代早期注重财产和家庭考虑的表兄弟之间包办婚姻的习俗。
This paper uses the framework of intensive and extensive kinship systems to organize and understand a large body of research on consanguineous marriage across cultures, particularly studies in demography and development that document decreasing consanguineous marriage with market integration. We argue that while agricultural subsistence is often associated with intensive kinship systems, including kin marriages, increasing engagement in a market economy prompts a shift to a more extensive kinship system and possibly a novel cultural niche. We test this model using quantitative and qualitative data from rural Matlab, Bangladesh, which is rapidly transitioning from an agricultural to a market-based economy, and find that our model is partly supported by our quantitative data and strongly supported by our qualitative data. Yet we also observe that rates of consanguineous marriage are not decreasing in Matlab, possibly as a result of a new trend toward love marriages among cousins that is replacing an earlier custom of arranged marriages among cousins focused on property and family considerations.