A Pilot Study of Attention Bias Subtypes: Examining Their Relation to Cognitive Bias and Their Change following Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
A Pilot Study of Attention Bias Subtypes: Examining Their Relation to Cognitive Bias and Their Change following Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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DOI：
10.1002/jclp.21875
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Anderson, Page L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calamaras, Martha R.;Tone, Erin B.;Anderson, Page L.
目的本研究考察(a)社交焦虑障碍（SAD）患者的临床样本是否包括两种不同的社会威胁注意偏倚（警惕型和回避型），(b)注意偏倚与认知偏倚的关系，特别是对负面社会事件发生概率的估计（概率偏倚），以及(c)社交焦虑认知行为治疗后注意偏倚的具体变化。方法选取符合SAD诊断标准的24例个体（女7例，男17例，男41例），因害怕公开演讲而寻求治疗。采用t检验、线性回归分析和混合设计方差分析对假设进行检验。结果得出警惕性和回避性两组预处理的证据。对威胁的警惕（而非回避）与概率偏差之间存在显著正相关（R = 0.561, p < 0.05）。治疗8周后，两组注意偏倚的变化方向不同，警惕性组变得不那么警惕性，回避组变得不那么回避，且回避组的注意偏倚从治疗前到治疗后有显著变化。结论这些研究结果为SAD患者可能存在不同类型的注意偏倚、回避型或警惕型提供了初步的支持，因为这些偏倚在SAD认知行为治疗后以不同的方式发生了变化。为了评估SAD是否包含注意偏倚的亚组，需要进一步的研究来复制和扩展这些发现。(c) 2012 Wiley期刊有限公司j .中国。精神病学杂志。68:745-754,2012
ObjectiveThe present investigation examined (a) whether a clinical sample of individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) comprises two distinct groups based on attention bias for social threat (vigilant, avoidant), (b) the relation between attention bias and cognitive bias, specifically estimates of the probability that negative social events will occur (probability bias), and (c) specific changes in attention bias following cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety. Method Participants were 24 individuals (nfemale = 7, nmale = 17; mage = 41) who met diagnostic criteria for SAD and sought treatment for fear of public speaking. Hypotheses were tested using t tests, linear regression analyses, and a mixed design analysis of variance. Results Results yielded evidence of 2 pretreatment groups (vigilant and avoidant). There was a significant positive correlation between vigilance for (but not avoidance of) threat and probability bias (R = .561, p < .05). After 8 weeks of treatment, the direction of change in attention bias differed between groups, such that the vigilant group became less vigilant and the avoidant group became less avoidant, with the avoidant group showing a significant change in attention bias from pretreatment to posttreatment. Conclusions These findings provide very preliminary support for the idea that individuals with SAD may differ according to type attention bias, avoidant or vigilant, as these biases changed in different ways following cognitive-behavioral therapy for SAD. Further research is needed to replicate and extend these findings in order to evaluate whether SAD comprises subgroups of attentional biases. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Clin. Psychol. 68:745-754, 2012