How Genetically Engineered Mouse Tumor Models Provide Insights Into Human Cancers
How Genetically Engineered Mouse Tumor Models Provide Insights Into Human Cancers
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DOI：
10.1200/jco.2010.30.8304
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
45.3
通讯作者：
Pao, William
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Politi, Katerina;Pao, William
人类癌症的基因工程小鼠模型（GEMM）首次创建于近30年前。这些早期的转基因模型表明，小鼠细胞可以通过表达癌基因在体内转化。一个新的领域出现了，致力于产生和使用人类癌症的小鼠模型，以解决癌症生物学中的各种问题。这篇综述的目的是强调小鼠模型对人类癌症诊断和治疗的贡献。由于该主题的广度，我们选择了GEMM如何与临床相关的代表性示例，而不是提供详尽的实验列表。今天，如本文所详述的，正在创建复杂的小鼠模型来研究癌症生物学的许多方面，包括但不限于对药物治疗的敏感性和抗性机制、癌基因合作、早期检测和转移。GEMM的替代品，如化学诱导或自发性肿瘤模型，没有在这篇评论中讨论。J Clin Oncol 29：2273-2281. (C)2011年美国临床肿瘤学会
Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of human cancer were first created nearly 30 years ago. These early transgenic models demonstrated that mouse cells could be transformed in vivo by expression of an oncogene. A new field emerged, dedicated to generating and using mouse models of human cancer to address a wide variety of questions in cancer biology. The aim of this review is to highlight the contributions of mouse models to the diagnosis and treatment of human cancers. Because of the breadth of the topic, we have selected representative examples of how GEMMs are clinically relevant rather than provided an exhaustive list of experiments. Today, as detailed here, sophisticated mouse models are being created to study many aspects of cancer biology, including but not limited to mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to drug treatment, oncogene cooperation, early detection, and metastasis. Alternatives to GEMMs, such as chemically induced or spontaneous tumor models, are not discussed in this review. J Clin Oncol 29: 2273-2281. (C) 2011 by American Society of Clinical Oncology