Adapting governance for coastal change in Portugal
Adapting governance for coastal change in Portugal
复制标题
葡萄牙沿海变化的治理调整
DOI：
10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.07.012
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Carla Gomes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Schmidt;P. Prista;Tiago Saraiva;T. O'Riordan;Carla Gomes
在许多国家，特别是葡萄牙，沿海条件已经受到洪水和侵蚀的威胁，这两种情况都可能因气候变化而加剧。这种令人生畏的前景提出了可持续性的关键问题；社会公正;真正的公众参与和社会学习；有效融资，实现长期的社会和经济效益；互联多中心治理；科学知识的恰当运用与公众和政治信任息息相关。虽然大多数海岸线的发展在名义上是由公共行政行动决定的，但沿海地区的迅速移徙和经济的过度集中已使许多受到威胁的海岸线变成了定居危险和体制混乱的阶段。在葡萄牙，尽管有明显的证据表明洪水和水土流失正在增加，但无论是在动荡的规划框架方面，还是在为未来保障提供的稀缺资金方面，适当的管理应对措施都被证明是不够的。唯一可行的替代方案似乎在于渐进的适应性治理进程，包括地方社区的信任和充分参与；大力支持对威胁和安全进行科学评估；以及寻找合适资金来源的新方法。然而，从对葡萄牙沿海规划主要参与者的采访中可以看出，缺乏政策清晰度和政治意愿，科学薄弱，利益相关者协调不力，再加上这些社区特有的沿海再生文化，使得任何有组织的适应性方法都存在很大问题。因此，这更加强调了沿海占领的丰富文化意义；经济危机时期的国家认同问题；在海岸维护资金减少时期的社会正义；以及一种更加慎重和有序的方法来适应沿海治理。
In many countries, but particularly in Portugal, coastal conditions are already endangered by flooding and erosion, both likely to increase as a result of climate change. This daunting prospect raises critical questions of sustainability; social justice; genuine public participation and social learning; effective financing for long term social and economic benefit; connected polycentric governance; and the appropriate use of scientific knowledge bonded to public and political trust. While the development of most shorelines is nominally shaped by public administrative action, rapid coastal migration and excessive economic concentration have turned many threatened coastlines into a stage for settlement hazard and institutional chaos. In Portugal, despite clear evidence of increasing flooding and erosion, appropriate management responses are proving inadequate, both in the turbulent planning framework and in the scarce financial provision for future safeguard. The only plausible alternatives seem to lie in the processes of progressive adaptive governance, involving the trust and full participation of local communities; strongly supported scientific assessments of threat and safety; and fresh approaches to finding suitable funding sources. However, as evident from interviews with key actors in coastal planning in Portugal, the lack of policy clarity and political will, the weak science and poor coordination of stakeholders, combined with the particular regenerating coastal cultures of these communities, make any organised adaptive approaches highly problematic. This consequently places more emphasis on the rich cultural meanings of coastal occupation; of national identity in a time of economic crisis; of social justice in a period of reduced coastal maintenance funding; and of a more measured and sequential approach to an adaptive coastal governance.