STUDY ON THE PIGMENTS IN THE CRUCIFORM GALLERY OF ANGKOR WAT, CAMBODIA
STUDY ON THE PIGMENTS IN THE CRUCIFORM GALLERY OF ANGKOR WAT, CAMBODIA
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1475-4754.2011.00634.x
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发表时间：
2012-06
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
E. Uchida;Y. Takubo;K. Toyouchi;J. Miyata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Uchida;Y. Takubo;K. Toyouchi;J. Miyata
色素概述根据电子探针X射线显微分析仪和X射线显微衍射仪对从每个地区采集的几个色素样品的分析，构成吴哥窟十字形画廊色素的物质总结在表1中。红色、橙子、白色和黑色色素主要用于十字形画廊。该红色素主要由赤铁矿和石英组成，并含有大量的SiO2（10- 40wt%）和Al 2 O3（10- 20wt%）等杂质。由于红土主要由赤铁矿、针铁矿、石英和高岭石组成，并且主要成分是Fe 2 O3、SiO2、Al 2 O3和H2O（Uchida等，1999 a），因此推测红土被用作红色颜料的原料。红土中含有丰富的黄褐色氢氧化铁（针铁矿）。因此，红土可能是经过燃烧而获得鲜艳的红色。该橙子颜料主要成分为铅，含有铅-氯化合物、磷酸钙、水合草酸钙、方解石、角闪石和石膏。该白色颜料由铅-氯化合物、白色铅、水合草酸钙、磷酸钙、方解石、角闪石、石膏组成。发现了三种黑色颜料：由铅氧化而成的二氧化铅、炭黑和石膏由于吸收烟尘和灰尘而变色成黑色。磷酸钙常存在于颜料中。一些磷酸钙可来源于batguano（Fusey 1991; Uchida
Summary of the pigments Based on the analyses by the electron probe X-ray microanalyser and the X-ray microdiffracto-meter for several samples of pigments collected from each area, the substances constituting thepigments in the cruciform gallery of Angkor Wat are summarized in Table 1.Red, orange, white and black pigments were mainly used in the cruciform gallery. The redpigment consists mainly of hematite and quartz, and contains abundant impurities such as SiO 2 (10–40 wt%) and Al 2 O 3 (10–20 wt%). Because laterite consists mainly of hematite, goethite,quartz and kaolinite, and the major components are Fe 2 O 3 , SiO 2 ,Al 2 O 3 and H 2 O (Uchida et al .1999a), it is supposed that laterite was used as a raw material for the red pigment. Abundant ironhydroxide (goethite) with a yellowish brown colour is contained in laterite. Therefore, it ispossible that laterite was burned to obtain a vivid red colour. The orange pigment consists mainlyof minium and contains Pb–Cl compounds, calcium phosphates, calcium oxalate hydrates,calcite, anglesite and gypsum. The white pigment is composed of Pb–Cl compounds, white lead,calcium oxalate hydrates, calcium phosphates, calcite, anglesite and gypsum. Three kinds ofblack pigments were found: lead dioxide derived from minium by oxidation, carbon black andgypsum discoloured into a black colour due to the absorption of soot and dust. Calcium phos-phates are frequently found in the pigments. Some calcium phosphates may be derived from batguano (Fusey 1991; Uchida