SULFOLOBUS - NEW GENUS OF SULFUR-OXIDIZING BACTERIA LIVING AT LOW PH AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE
SULFOLOBUS - NEW GENUS OF SULFUR-OXIDIZING BACTERIA LIVING AT LOW PH AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00408082
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发表时间：
1972-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
WEISS, RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BROCK, TD;BROCK, KM;WEISS, RL
硫化叶菌属细菌的一个新属，其特征如下： 1. 通常为球形细胞，产生频繁的裂片； 2.兼性自养，在硫或各种简单有机化合物上生长； 3. 不寻常的细胞壁结构，缺乏肽聚糖； 4. 嗜酸性，最适pH为2-3，范围为0.9-5.8； 5. 嗜热，最适温度为 70-75°C，范围为 55-80°C（其中一株在 85°C 生长）。通过氯化铯密度梯度离心法测定了五个菌株的 DNA 碱基组成，结果发现为 60-68% 鸟嘌呤加胞嘧啶。硫化叶菌显然与任何先前描述的细菌（无论是异养细菌还是自养细菌）都没有密切关系。提出了区分硫化叶菌和嗜酸耐热球形生物的另一属热原体的技术。硫化叶菌已从多种天然酸性热生境（陆地和水生）中分离出来。大多数分离株来自黄石国家公园的栖息地，但也从意大利、多米尼加和萨尔瓦多分离出菌株。表明硫化叶菌可能是高温热液系统中硫制硫酸的重要地球化学试剂。
Sulfolobusis a new genus of bacteria characterized as follows: 1. generally spherical cells producing frequent lobes; 2. facultative autotrophy with growth on sulfur or on a variety of simple organic compounds; 3. unusual cell wall structure devoid of peptidoglycan; 4. acidophilic, pH optimum of 2–3 and range from 0.9–5.8; 5. thermophilic with temperature optimum of 70–75°C and range from 55–80°C (one strain grew at 85°C). The DNA base composition of five strains was determined by cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation and found to be 60–68% guanine plus cytosine.Sulfolobusapparently has no close relationship with any previously described bacteria, either heterotrophic or autrotrophic. Techniques are presented for distinguishingSulfolobusfromThermoplasma, another genus of acidophilic thermophilic spherically shaped organisms.Sulfolobushas been isolated from a variety of natural acidic thermal habitats, both terrestrial and aquatic. Most isolations have been from habitats in Yellowstone National Park, but strains were also isolated from Italy, Dominica and El Salvador. It is suggested thatSulfolobusmay be an important geochemical agent in the production of sulfuric acid from sulfur in high temperature hydrothermal systems.