Biogeographical diversification of mainland Asian Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) and its implications for the historical dynamics of evergreen broad-leaved forests
Biogeographical diversification of mainland Asian Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) and its implications for the historical dynamics of evergreen broad-leaved forests
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亚洲大陆石斛兰（兰科）的生物地理多样性及其对常绿阔叶林历史动态的影响
DOI：
10.1111/jbi.12726
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Jin, Xiao-Hua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiang, Xiao-Guo;Mi, Xiang-Cheng;Jin, Xiao-Hua
常绿阔叶林（Evergreenbroadleavedforests，EBLF）分布于亚洲大陆的热带和亚热带地区，具有较高的物种多样性、生产力和丰富度。了解EBLF的历史动态对全球气候变化下的生物多样性保护和区域碳储存和循环具有重要意义。然而，对亚洲大陆EBLF的历史动态知之甚少。石斛兰，附生兰属中发现的EBLF，被用来获得新的见解的历史建立和扩展的EBLF在亚洲大陆。LocationMainland Asia.MethodsWe采样c.80%的目前公认的种石斛兰发现在亚洲大陆。使用最大简约法，最大似然法和贝叶斯推理方法生成的遗传学。使用贝叶斯松弛时钟模型方法获得校准的计时图。采用统计扩散-邻近分析和扩散-绝灭-分支发生方法对生物地理情景进行了研究。祖先的国家构建牧豆树和海湾海峡，和多样性的石斛兰进行了调查APE和激光packages.ResultsOur结果表明，亚洲石斛是存在于亚洲大陆的渐新世以来，在此之后，本属在该地区多样化，分散到高海拔地区。石斛的祖先的习性是附生和陆地和石生的习惯，每个有多个，最近独立的origin.Main conclusionsOur结果支持的假设，EBLF已建立在亚洲大陆至少自渐新世，并进一步表明，亚洲大陆的EBLF扩展到更高的海拔地区之前，晚新生代。亚洲石斛的多样性与渐新世晚期和中新世中期气候变暖以及新生代早期主要类群（包括壳斗科、樟科、木兰科和山茶科）的扩张相一致。
AimEvergreen broad-leaved forests (EBLFs) occupy most tropical and subtropical regions of mainland Asia and exhibit high species diversity, productivity and richness. Understanding the historical dynamics of EBLFs is important for biodiversity conservation and regional carbon storage and cycling under global climate change. However, little is known about the historical dynamics of EBLFs in mainland Asia. Dendrobium, an epiphytic orchid genus found in EBLFs, was used to gain new insights of the historical establishment and extension of EBLFs in mainland Asia.LocationMainland Asia.MethodsWe sampled c.80% of the currently recognized species of Dendrobium found in mainland Asia. A phylogeny was generated using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. A calibrated chronogram was obtained using a Bayesian relaxed-clock model approach. Biogeographical scenarios were investigated using the statistical dispersal-vicariance analysis and dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis methods. Ancestral states were constructed by mesquite and bayestraits, and diversification of Dendrobium was investigated by APE and LASER packages.ResultsOur results indicate that Asian Dendrobium was present on mainland Asia since the Oligocene, after which this genus diversified in this region and dispersed into higher elevations. The ancestral habit of Dendrobium was epiphytic and terrestrial and lithophytic habits each have multiple, recently independent origins.Main conclusionsOur results support the hypothesis that EBLFs have been established in mainland Asia at least since the Oligocene and further suggest that the EBLFs of mainland Asia expanded into higher elevations prior to the late Cenozoic. The diversification of Asian Dendrobium coincided with a warmer climate during the late Oligocene and middle Miocene and the expansion of key groups (including Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae and Theaceae) of EBLFs during the early Cenozoic.