Native and non-native trees can find compatible mycorrhizal partners in each other’s dominated areas
Native and non-native trees can find compatible mycorrhizal partners in each other’s dominated areas
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本地和非本地树木可以在彼此的优势区域找到兼容的菌根伙伴
作者：
Nahuel Policelli;T. Horton;Rafael A. García;Matías Naour;Aníbal Pauchard;Martin A. Nuñez
生物入侵在历史上主要是从地上的角度来解决的，所以对地下入侵的影响知之甚少。我们研究了地下入侵对本地树种生长的影响，并测试了本地和非本地主机和本地和非本地地下共生体之间的新的相互作用的可能性。我们结合了田间和生长室研究。与生长室生物测定，我们比较了本地Nothofagus和非本地入侵松树种，都高度依赖于外生菌根真菌（EMF），生长在松树入侵和非入侵的土壤从本地Nothofagus森林的生长和根定植的百分比。我们评估的身份与两个主机在不同的土壤来源的生物测定，我们进行了原位根取样在现场的EMF物种。我们发现，这两种主机在两种土壤来源的生物量，高百分比的根殖民化，没有共生EMF的跨主机殖民化，除了一个物种的Sistotrema发现在两个主机。没有入侵宿主的土壤已经受到非本地入侵EMF的影响。由于原生EMF的存在，原生树木可能能够留在入侵区域。本地主机的存在并不妨碍入侵的非本地主机和本地地下真菌共生体的存在似乎并不妨碍其非本地同行的传播。
Biological invasions have historically been addressed mostly from an aboveground perspective, so little is known about the impacts of belowground invasions. We studied the impact of belowground invasions on growth of native tree species and test the possibility of novel interactions between native and non-native hosts and native and non-native belowground symbionts. We combined field and growth chamber studies. With a growth chamber bioassay we compared growth and root colonization percentage of native Nothofagus and non-native invasive pine species, both highly dependent on ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF), growing in pine invaded and non-invaded soils from native Nothofagus forest. We evaluated the identity of EMF species associated with both hosts in the different soil sources from the bioassay and we performed an in situ root sampling in the field. We found that both hosts grew equally well in both soil sources in terms of biomass, with high percent of root colonization, and no cross-host colonization of symbiotic EMF except for one species of Sistotrema found on both hosts. Soil where invasive hosts are absent is already conditioned by the presence of non-native invasive EMF. Native trees may be able to remain in the invaded area due to the presence of native EMF. The presence of native hosts is not hindering the invasion of non-native hosts and the presence of native belowground fungal mutualists seems not to hinder the spread of their non-native counterparts.