Just out of reach: On the reliability of the action-sentence compatibility effect.
Just out of reach: On the reliability of the action-sentence compatibility effect.
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DOI：
10.1037/xge0000125
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发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Papesh MH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Papesh MH
动作-句子兼容性效应（ACE）是具身认知中的一个标志性发现，它暗示了语言理解中的运动系统。在 ACE 中，人们会处理暗示朝向或远离自己的运动的句子，并用朝向或远离自己身体的动作来回应。这些过程相互作用，意味着语言系统和运动系统之间存在联系。从理论角度来看，ACE 具有极大的影响力，是被广泛引用的支持具身认知的证据。本研究一开始是试图将 ACE 扩展到一个新的方向，但最终变成了一系列简单复制效果的尝试。通过八项实验，我测试了 ACE 是否扩展到一种新颖的小鼠跟踪方法和/或是否容易受到高阶认知影响。在三个实验中，试图通过在计算机屏幕上显示参与者的名字来“剥夺”ACE 的实体（如图所示）。在每个实验中，ACE 都无法脱离实体，因为 ACE 并未发生。在进一步的实验中，无论反应模式（鼠标移动与按钮按下）或刺激（包括来自原始研究的刺激）如何，在阅读时间内都没有观察到 ACE。同样，在身体运动时间中也没有观察到 ACE。当前实验和之前 ACE 文献的贝叶斯因子分析表明，ACE 的证据普遍较弱：许多被视为积极证据的研究实际上支持原假设，并且很少有发表的结果为 ACE 提供强有力的证据。讨论了实施例假设的含义。
The action-sentence compatibility effect (ACE), a hallmark finding in Embodied Cognition, implicates the motor system in language comprehension. In the ACE, people process sentences implying movement toward or away from themselves, responding with actions toward or away from their bodies. These processes interact, implying a linkage between linguistic and motor systems. From a theoretical perspective, the ACE has been extremely influential, being widely-cited evidence in favor of embodied cognition. The present study began as an attempt to extend the ACE in a new direction, but eventually became a series of attempts to simply replicate the effect. Across eight experiments, I tested whether the ACE extends to a novel mouse-tracking method and/or is susceptible to higher-order cognitive influences. In three experiments, attempts were made to “disembody” the ACE by presenting participants' names on the computer screen (as in). In each experiment, the ACE could not be disembodied, because the ACE did not occur. In further experiments, the ACE was not observed in reading times, regardless of response mode (mouse movements versus button-presses) or stimuli, including those from the original research. Similarly, no ACE was observed in physical movement times. Bayes Factor analyses of the current experiments, and the previous ACE literature, suggest that the evidence for the ACE is generally weak: Many studies considered as positive evidence actually support the null hypothesis, and very few published results offer strong evidence for the ACE. Implications for the embodiment hypothesis are discussed.