The discursive politics of 'fracking': Frames, storylines, and the anticipatory contestation of shale gas development in the United Kingdom
The discursive politics of 'fracking': Frames, storylines, and the anticipatory contestation of shale gas development in the United Kingdom
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“水力压裂”的话语政治：英国页岩气开发的框架、故事情节和预期争论
DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.101935
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Williams L
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文献类型：
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作者：
Williams L
考虑到页岩气等能源的发展，前沿国家如何看待页岩气等有争议的能源，对国家和国际气候政策极其重要。英国页岩气开发案目前特别引人注目，因为英国政府试图将英国定位为欧洲安全、可持续页岩气开发的先驱。我们对英国关于页岩气开发的政策辩论进行了混合方法的分析，涉及30个利益相关者采访和1557份政治文件。这一经验性的焦点扩展了现有的文献，确定了框架在英国正式政治制度和实践中的使用，并通过这些制度和实践进行了验证。我们确定了九个关键框架及其相关的故事情节，分析了它们随时间的使用，并将这些发现与其他国家案例研究进行了比较。或许并不令人意外的是，考虑到在我们的时间框架内，大多数英国政府都支持页岩开发，支持页岩开发的框架在政策辩论中占据主导地位；然而，我们也发现，反页岩开发框架的使用程度很高，这表明国家正式政治场所正在进行一场深入而持续的框架竞争。我们发现，与其他英国研究或其他国家背景相比，我们尤其关注土地使用问题及其对景观的影响。在概念上，本研究对框架和故事情节的相关概念，以及关于故事情节在预期政治辩论中的无能为力和框架策略的多价性的争论提出了一种综合的方法。关于治理的问题，是因为在正式的政治场所内对页岩开发的框架普遍缺乏共识，更不用说在更广泛的公众中了；以及政府对其做法的批评缺乏连贯的回应。最后，我们反思了在我们的案例中，显然缺乏哈耶尔“交流奇迹”的证据，并推测，“桥”故事情节缺乏广泛的共鸣是否预示着生态现代化的正和思维的麻烦。
How contested sources of energy such as shale gas are perceived in frontier countries considering their development is incredibly important to national and international climate policies. The UK shale development case is of particular interest currently as the Government attempts to position the UK as a pioneer of European, safe, sustainable shale gas development. We conduct a mixed-methods analysis of the UK policy debate on shale gas development involving 30 stakeholder interviews and 1557 political documents. This empirical focus extends the existing literature by identifying the use of frames in and through the institutions and practices of formal UK politics. We identify nine key frames and their associated storylines, analyse their use over time, and compare these findings with other national case studies. Perhaps unsurprisingly, given most UK Governments within our timeframe have supported shale development, pro-shale development frames dominate in the policy debate; however, we also find a high level of anti-shale development frame use, suggesting a deep and ongoing framing contest in national formal political sites. We find in particular a more prominent focus on land-use issues and impacts on the landscape than other UK studies or other national contexts. Conceptually, the study puts forward an integrative approach to the related concepts of frames and storylines, as well as arguments concerning the impotence of storylines in anticipatory political debate and the polyvalence of framing strategies. Questions about governance are raised by the general lack of consensus over the framing of shale development within formal political sites, let alone amongst the broader public; and by the lack of a coherent response from the Government to criticisms of its approach. Finally, we reflect on the apparent lack of evidence for Hajer’s ‘communicative miracle’ in our case, and speculate as to whether the lack of broad-based resonance of the ‘bridge’ storyline signals trouble for the positive-sum thinking of ecological modernisation.