Ethical production and export performance across destinations: evidence from Myanmar
Ethical production and export performance across destinations: evidence from Myanmar
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DOI：
10.1007/s42973-023-00129-2
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发表时间：
2023-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mari Tanaka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mari Tanaka
全球供应链中的道德生产已成为国际贸易中的一个重要问题。这项研究考察了发展中国家的出口制造商是否以及如何因他们决定通过提高劳工标准来追求道德生产而获得奖励。我使用了缅甸服装公司进出口的海关数据，以及这些公司工作条件的调查数据，以衡量这些公司遵守国际劳工标准的程度。我发现了相关证据，表明公司在向西方国家出口时，如果提供了更好的工作条件，就会得到回报。首先，工作条件更好的公司以更高的价格出口产品。其次，这些公司从向西方国家出口的收入高于向同一国家出口的其他公司，但在向亚洲出口方面没有发现这种差异。第三，工作条件较好的公司向西方国家出口的销售额比例往往高于其他公司。这些结果与本文提出的贸易模型是一致的，在该模型中，具有给定工作条件的公司决定其产量，并将自己分类到目的地市场。本文的结果表明，如果公司向消费者关心这些做法的市场出口，那么采用社会责任做法可能会对发展中国家的公司产生积极影响。
Ethical production in global supply chains has become an important issue in international trade. This study examines whether and how exporting manufacturers in a developing country are rewarded for their decision to pursue ethical production by raising labor standards. I use customs data on the exports and imports of Myanmar apparel firms combined with survey data on those firms’ working conditions measuring the degree of compliance with international labor standards. I find correlational evidence that firms are rewarded for providing better working conditions when they export to Western countries. First, firms with better working conditions export products at higher prices. Second, these firms earn higher revenue from exporting to a Western country than other firms exporting to the same country, but no such difference is found for exporting to Asia. Third, firms with better working conditions tend to have a higher proportion of sales from exports to Western countries than other firms. These results are consistent with the trade model presented in this paper in which firms with the given working conditions decide on their output and sort themselves into destination markets. The results in this paper suggest that adoption of socially responsible practices is likely to have positive impacts on firms in developing countries if the firm is exporting to the markets in which the consumers care about these practices.