Effect of spaceflight on the non-weight-bearing bones of rat skeleton.
Effect of spaceflight on the non-weight-bearing bones of rat skeleton.
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航天对大鼠骨骼非承重骨的影响。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1983.244.3.r319
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Walker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Simmons;J. Russell;F. Winter;P. T. Van;A. Vignery;R. Baron;G. D. Rosenberg;W. Walker
用四环素预先标记的雄性Wistar大鼠在骨骼和牙齿表面形成矿化的过程中被放置在苏联COSMOS-1129生物卫星上，在轨道上待了18.5天。分别于生物卫星回收后第6天和第27天进行第二次和第三次四环素注射。在咀嚼肌覆盖的非负重肋骨和下颌骨区域，航天飞行并没有改变骨膜骨形成的速度。骨形成钙化率在颌骨中没有连续肌肉的部位（磨牙区）受损。磨牙颊根周围牙槽骨的重塑活动明显减少，但在形成和吸收活动之间没有产生负平衡。在太空飞行后，颌骨、门牙和肋骨中的总Ca、P和羟脯氨酸浓度正常，但重力密度分异研究表明，仅在颌骨中，O-G条件导致骨矿物和基质的成熟延迟。在地球重力下，飞行后29天的恢复期足以完全纠正这些异常。相对于牙齿的形成，在太空飞行中，牙本质和牙釉质中钙和磷的昼夜节律和次昼夜节律周期保持相对正常。我们得出的结论是，大鼠骨骼的大多数非承重骨都有受到低重力影响的风险。
Male Wistar rats prelabeled with tetracycline to mark surfaces of bone and tooth formation-mineralization were placed into orbit for 18.5 days aboard the Soviet COSMOS-1129 Biosatellite. They were injected with tetracycline for a second and third time on the 6th and 27th days, respectively, after recovery of the Biosatellite. Spaceflight did not alter the rate of periosteal bone formation in the non-weight-bearing ribs and regions of the mandibles, which were covered by masticatory muscles. Bone formation-calcification rates were impaired at those sites in the jaw that had no contiguous muscle (molar region). The remodeling activity on the alveolar bone around the buccal roots of the molar teeth was significantly reduced but without creating a negative balance between formative and resorptive activities. Total Ca, P, and hydroxyproline concentrations in the jaws, incisors, and ribs were normal after spaceflight, but gravity density fractionation studies indicated that in the jaws alone, O-G conditions caused a delay in the maturation of bone mineral and matrix. A 29-day postflight recovery period at earth's gravity was sufficient to fully correct these anomalies. Relative to tooth formation, relatively normal circadian and infradian biorhythmic periodicities of Ca and P in dentin and enamel were maintained during spaceflight. We conclude that most of the non-weight-bearing bones of the rat skeleton are at risk to the effects of hypogravity.