Introduction to Ionic Liquids
Introduction to Ionic Liquids
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-32489-0_1
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
V. Strehmel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Strehmel
离子液体和聚合离子液体在合成、分离过程以及与能量的输送和储存相关的过程中具有很高的应用潜力。因此，本文介绍了离子液体的合成方法以及离子液体的性质。了解离子液体合成过程中发生的化学反应，包括纯化程序，可以深入了解制造过程后可能残留的杂质。一方面，以玻璃化转变温度或熔点作为下限，另一方面，以在热处理期间重量损失高于0.5wt%的温度作为可能的上限的离子液体的液体范围对于离子液体的研究以及它们的应用都是重要的。对选定的物理性质，如粘度，密度和离子液体的极性的简要讨论应该给人一个关于离子液体性质的广泛多样性的第一印象，这些性质将在下面的章节中更详细地讨论。此外，使用不同聚合机理的离子液体单体的聚合和所获得的聚合物材料的选定性质的讨论将完成本介绍。玻璃化转变温度的显著提高 聚合非质子离子液体 非质子离子液体聚合 单体表现出离子液体和聚合离子液体之间的性质差异 .
Ionic liquids and polymerized ionic liquids possess a high application potential in synthesis, separation processes, and in processes relating to transport and storage of energy. Therefore, this introduction discusses synthetic ways to obtain ionic liquids as well as selected properties of ionic liquids. Knowledge of chemical reactions occurring during ionic liquid synthesis including purification procedures gives an insight into possible impurities, which may remain after the manufacturing process. The liquid range of ionic liquids with the glass transition temperature or the melting point as lower limit on the one hand and temperatures where weight loss is higher than 0.5 wt% during thermal treatment as possible upper limit is important for both investigation of ionic liquids as well as their application. A brief discussion of selected physical properties, such as viscosity, density, and polarity of ionic liquids should give a first impression about the broad variety of ionic liquid properties that are discussed in more detail in the following chapters. Furthermore, discussion of both polymerization of ionic liquid monomers using different polymerization mechanisms and selected properties of the polymer materials obtained will complete this introduction. The significant increase of the glass transition temperature of polymerized aprotic ionic liquids caused by polymerization of aprotic ionic liquid monomers exhibits differences in the properties between ionic liquids and polymerized ionic liquids .