CHILDREN EXPOSED TO DISASTER .1. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF POSTTRAUMATIC SYMPTOMS AND SYMPTOM PROFILES
CHILDREN EXPOSED TO DISASTER .1. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF POSTTRAUMATIC SYMPTOMS AND SYMPTOM PROFILES
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DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199401000-00012
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发表时间：
1994-01-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
TAYLOR, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SHANNON, MP;LONIGAN, CJ;TAYLOR, CM
目的：确定儿童在遭受自然灾害后表现出的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状的范围和严重程度。方法：飓风雨果袭击南卡罗来纳州伯克利县三个月后，对 5,687 名学龄儿童进行了调查，了解他们与风暴相关的经历和反应。通过使用 PTSD 反应指数获得 PTSD 症状的自我报告，结果：不同种族、性别和年龄组中 PTSD 症状的患病率存在显着差异。根据 DSM-III-R PTSD 诊断指南，使用自我报告的症状得出创伤后应激综合症分类。超过 5% 的样本报告了足够的症状，可以归类为表现出这种创伤后应激综合症。女性和年幼的儿童更有可能接受这种分类。在症状层面，女性报告了更多与情绪处理和对创伤的情绪反应相关的症状。男性更有可能报告与认知和行为因素相关的症状。年龄较小的儿童更有可能报告总体症状。结论：遭受严重自然灾害的儿童报告了足够的症状，可以建立 DSM-III-R 衍生的 PTSD 综合征分类。性别、年龄和种族群体之间的差异似乎与不同的暴露风险、报告偏差以及出现创伤后症状的不同风险有关。
Objective: To determine the range and severity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms exhibited by children after exposure to a natural disaster. Method: Three months after Hurricane Hugo struck Berkeley County, South Carolina, 5,687 school-aged children were surveyed about their experiences and reactions related to the storm. Self-reports of PTSD symptoms were obtained by use of a PTSD Reaction Index, Results: Significant variation in the prevalence of PTSD symptoms was found across race, gender, and age groups. Self-reported symptoms were used to derive a post-traumatic stress syndrome classification according to DSM-III-R guidelines for the diagnosis of PTSD. More than 5% of the sample reported sufficient symptoms to be classified as exhibiting this post-traumatic stress syndrome. Females and younger children were more likely to receive this classification. At the symptom level, females reported more symptoms associated with emotional processing and emotional reaction to the trauma. Males were more likely to report symptoms related to cognitive and behavioral factors. Younger children were more likely to report symptoms overall. Conclusions: Children exposed to a high magnitude natural disaster report sufficient symptoms to establish a DSM-III-R derived classification of a PTSD syndrome. Differences between gender, age, and race groups appear to be related to differential risk of exposure, reporting biases, as well as a differential risk for developing post-traumatic symptoms.