Who is marginalized in energy justice? Amplifying community leader perspectives of energy transitions in Ghana
Who is marginalized in energy justice? Amplifying community leader perspectives of energy transitions in Ghana
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DOI：
10.1016/j.erss.2021.101933
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发表时间：
2021-01-21
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Sackey, Charles Van-Hein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baker, Erin;Nock, Destenie;Sackey, Charles Van-Hein
在能源获取研究中，工程学和经济学的以技术为重点的建模论文与以社会科学为基础的能源正义框架和原则之间存在分歧。在分析能源，更具体地说，电力系统时，定量计算模型是必要的，因为它们是技术复杂的系统，可能偏离直觉模式。为了确保能源公正，这些模型必须反映广泛的利益相关者，并为其提供信息，包括家庭和社区以及公用事业、政府和其他机构。然而，从对偏好的定性理解转向定量建模是具有挑战性的。在这篇透视文章中，我们试行使用以价值为中心的思维框架来告知利益相关者的参与。其结果是一个战略目标层次结构，它突出了需要在模型中衡量的权衡和社会、经济和技术因素。我们在加纳应用了这一过程，使用调查、利益相关者研讨会和后续访谈来揭示关键的权衡和利益相关者衍生的目标。我们讨论了三个关键领域，这些领域很少在能源模型中得到很好的描述：(1)电力终端使用的动态与系统的技术和经济结构之间的关系；(2)利益相关者定义的电力获取、成本和可靠性之间的明确权衡；以及(3)新目标的定义，如将与盗窃有关的危险降至最低。我们的结论是，这种参与模式提供了一个机会，将严格的定性分析和利益相关者参与与电力系统的关键定量模型联系在一起。
There is a divide in energy access studies, between technologically-focused modeling papers in engineering and economics, and energy justice frameworks and principles grounded in social sciences. Quantitative computational models are necessary when analyzing energy, and more specifically electricity, systems, as they are technologically-complex systems that can diverge from intuitive patterns. To assure energy justice, these models must be reflective of, and informative to, a wide range of stakeholders, including households and communities alongside utilities, governments, and others. Yet, moving from a qualitative understanding of preferences to quantitative modeling is challenging. In this perspective piece, we pilot the use of the value-focused thinking framework to inform stakeholder engagement. The result is a strategic objective hierarchy that highlights the tradeoffs and the social, economic and technological factors that need to be measured in models. We apply the process in Ghana, using a survey, stakeholder workshops, and follow-up interviews to uncover key tradeoffs and stakeholder-derived objectives. We discuss three key areas that have been rarely, if ever, well-represented in energy models: (1) the relationship between the dynamics of electricity end-use and the technology and economic structure of the system; (2) explicit tradeoffs between electricity access, cost, and reliability as defined by stakeholders; and (3) the definition of new objectives, such as minimizing hazards related to theft. We conclude that this model of engagement provides an opportunity to tie together rigorous qualitative analysis and stakeholder engagement with crucial quantitative models of the electricity system.