OPTOMOTOR ANEMOTAXIS POLARIZES SELF-STEERED ZIGZAGGING IN FLYING MOTHS
OPTOMOTOR ANEMOTAXIS POLARIZES SELF-STEERED ZIGZAGGING IN FLYING MOTHS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3032.1984.tb00777.x
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
PHELAN, PL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BAKER, TC;WILLIS, MA;PHELAN, PL
对雄性东方果蛾Grapholita molesta （Busck）的实验提供了证据，证明信息素羽在零风中引发了一种内源性的、自我控制的反转向（之字形）飞行程序。飞行中所经历的风建立了反转的极性；它们会对齐，这样即使在风停止后，位移也会向震源方向发生。在零风条件下，在风停止前已经起飞的雄蚊（46%）比那些在风停止后才起飞的雄蚊（14%）更频繁地定位信息素来源，因为它们只在接触地面时才经历风。在零风的情况下，雄性被放置在静止的信息素羽中，最终有21%的几率找到了来源。这些雄鸟的飞行轨迹，以及那些只在地面上经历过风的雄鸟的飞行轨迹，经常表现出重复的反向旋转（之字形）。180 - 200.度。反转弯在飞行隧道周围蜿蜒，反转弯间的轨迹角没有一致的方向。有时雄鸟沿着静止的羽流向下移动，有时向上移动，最终找到来源并进行求爱表演。逆风雄性逆风间轨迹角呈现一致的。apprx方向。60.学位。到风线的任何一侧，导致朝向源的一致的逆风位移。在没有费洛蒙存在的情况下，无论有没有风，都没有观察到反向旋转。
Experiments with oriental fruit moth males, Grapholita molesta (Busck), provide evidence that a pheromone plume in zero wind elicits an endogenous, self-steered program of counterturning (zigzagging) flight. Wind experienced in flight establishes the polarity of the counterturns; they become aligned so that displacement occurs toward the source, even after the wind is stopped. In zero wind, males located a pheromone source more frequently when they had experienced a wind after having already taken flight before the wind was stopped (46%) compared with those that took flight later and therefore only experienced wind while they were in contact with the ground (14%). Males placed in a stationary pheromone plume in zero wind located the source, eventually, on 21% of occasions. The flight tracks of these males, as well as those having experienced a wind only while on the ground, often exhibited repetitive counterturns (zigzags) of .apprx. 180-200.degree.. The counterturns meandered around the flight tunnel, the inter-reversal track angles having no consistent direction. Sometimes the males displaced down-tunnel in the stationary plume, sometimes up, eventually locating the source and performing a courtship display. The inter-reversal track angles of males counterturning in wind displayed a consistent orientation of .apprx. 60.degree. to either side of the wind line, resulting in consistent upwind displacement toward the source. With no pheromone present, with or without wind, counterturns were not observed.