SEX-DIFFERENCES IN COMPATIBILITY OF PAIR-HOUSED ADULT LONGTAILED MACAQUES
SEX-DIFFERENCES IN COMPATIBILITY OF PAIR-HOUSED ADULT LONGTAILED MACAQUES
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.1350320202
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发表时间：
1994-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
SACKETT, GP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CROCKETT, CM;BOWERS, CL;SACKETT, GP
这项研究旨在评估同性配对饲养对成年野生长尾猕猴（Macaca fasciculis）心理健康的影响。我们研究了 15 对男女的行为相容性和压力，通过尿皮质醇排泄来测量。在他们被安置在一起之前，通过非接触性配对偏好测试将这些配对分为首选、非首选或随机分配的伴侣。数据分析的各个方面都表明，配对的成功与性别密切相关。虽然 100% 的雌性配对是相容的，但 15 对雄性配对中只有 8 对在两周后仍然在一起，并且只有 5 对（33%）表现出与雌性相似的相容性。在身体接触的配对居住条件下，几乎所有雌性的心理健康似乎都得到了改善；他们一天中超过三分之一的时间都花在社交打扮上。配对的成年男性的互动率比成年女性低得多。平均而言，雄性最初因引入笼伴而感到有些压力，这表现为尿皮质醇排泄增加。非接触偏好测试程序并不比随机分配更能预测配对成功。对于雄性来说，在前 90 分钟的身体接触机会（“引入”）中，打斗的存在加上缺乏梳理毛发与配对不相容有关，但在统计上并不显着。对于允许该物种进行社会分组的研究方案，美国农业部动物福利规则的社会接触要求通常可以通过配对饲养来满足成年雌性的要求。对于雄性来说，与其他成年雄性交配通常是不成功的；据我们估计，至少 20% 的雄性不能与其他雄性配对饲养。这些对同性成年人的反应的性别差异与已知的猕猴社会生态学一致。需要进一步的研究来确定成年男性对社交接触的需求是否低于女性，或者他们的需求是否可以通过其他类型的社交接触更好地满足。 (C) 1994 年 Wiley-Liss 公司
This research was designed to evaluate the effects of same-sex pair housing on the psychological well-being of adult wild-born longtailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). We studied behavioral compatibility and stress as measured by urinary cortisol excretion in 15 pairs of each sex. Before they were housed together, the pairs were categorized by noncontact paired-preference testing as preferred, nonpreferred, or randomly assigned partners. Every aspect of data analysis indicated that the success of pairing was strongly related to gender. Whereas 100% of female pairs were compatible, only eight of the 15 male pairs were still together after two weeks, and only five (33%) showed a degree of compatibility resembling that of females.The psychological well-being of virtually all females seemed to be improved during the physical contact paired-housing conditions; they spent more than one-third of the day engaged in social grooming. Paired adult males had much lower interaction rates than adult females. On average, males were initially somewhat stressed by the introduction to a cagemate as indicated by increased urinary cortisol excretion.The noncontact preference testing procedure was no more predictive of pair success than random assignment. For males, the presence of fighting combined with the absence of grooming during the first 90 min opportunity for physical contact (''introduction'') was associated with pair incompatibility, but not to a statistically significant extent.For research protocols permitting social grouping of this species, the social contact requirement of the USDA Animal Welfare Rules usually can be met for adult females by pair housing. For males, pairing with other adult males often is unsuccessful; by our estimates, at least 20% of males cannot be pair-housed with other males. These sex differences in response to same-sex adults are consistent with the known socioecology of macaques. Further research is necessary to determine whether adult males have a lower need for social contact than females, or whether their needs are better met by other types of social contact. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.