Applying new approaches from cognitive neuroscience to enhance drug development for the treatment of impaired cognition in schizophrenia
Applying new approaches from cognitive neuroscience to enhance drug development for the treatment of impaired cognition in schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbi046
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Carter, CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carter, CS
测量精神分裂症认知的新方法包括使用实验认知心理学的任务来检查特定认知系统的完整性，以及将这些任务应用于非侵入性神经成像(例如，功能磁共振成像[fMRI])研究，直接测量药物对认知相关大脑活动的影响。这些方法提供了许多优点，包括隔离可能跨物种保存的特定认知系统；控制普遍表现缺陷的混杂影响，如动机差、镇静等；以及提供从使用动物认知模型的研究到使用功能磁共振成像的基于患者的研究的直接转换桥梁。这些发展有可能改变人类药物开发的早期阶段，并简化这一过程中这一关键时刻的决策。与改善精神分裂症认知的测量和治疗研究计划一样，优化认知神经科学在新药开发中的应用将需要多名研究人员对任务开发做出重大承诺，并对行为和神经成像措施进行彻底的心理测量评估。
New approaches to the measurement of cognition in schizophrenia include the use of tasks from experimental cognitive psychology to examine the integrity of specific cognitive systems and the application of these tasks in noninvasive neuroimaging (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging [fMRI]) studies that directly measure the effects of drugs on cognition-related brain activity. These approaches offer many advantages, including the isolation of specific cognitive systems that may be conserved across species; controlling for the confounding effects of generalized performance deficits such as poor motivation, sedation, and so on; and providing a direct translational bridge from studies using animal models of cognition to patient-based research using fMRI. These developments have the potential to transform the early human phases of drug development and streamline the decision making at this critical point in the process. As was the case for the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia initiative, optimizing the application of cognitive neuroscience to new drug development will require a major commitment by multiple investigators to task development and a thorough psychometric evaluation of both behavioral and neuroimaging measures.