Eosinophils in Autoimmune Diseases.
Eosinophils in Autoimmune Diseases.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.00484
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Čiháková D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diny NL;Rose NR;Čiháková D
嗜酸性粒细胞是多功能粒细胞，有助于引发和调节炎症。它们在哮喘和寄生虫感染中的作用早已得到认可。现在越来越多的证据揭示了嗜酸性粒细胞在自身免疫性疾病中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了嗜酸性粒细胞在炎症性肠病、视神经脊髓炎、大疱性类天疱疮、自身免疫性心肌炎、原发性胆汁性肝硬化、嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎和其他自身免疫性疾病中的功能。临床研究、嗜酸性粒细胞靶向疗法和实验模型有助于我们了解嗜酸性粒细胞在这些疾病中的调节和功能。通过检查嗜酸性粒细胞在不同器官的自身免疫性疾病中的作用，我们可以确定常见的致病机制。这些包括细胞毒性颗粒蛋白的脱粒、诱导抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性、降解细胞外基质的蛋白酶的释放、通过细胞因子的免疫调节、抗原呈递和促血栓形成功能。还检查了嗜酸性粒细胞疾病与自身免疫性疾病的关联，显示嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎、嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合征和非过敏性哮喘患者的自身免疫性疾病可能增加。最后，我们总结了未来的关键研究需求。
Eosinophils are multifunctional granulocytes that contribute to initiation and modulation of inflammation. Their role in asthma and parasitic infections has long been recognized. Growing evidence now reveals a role for eosinophils in autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the function of eosinophils in inflammatory bowel diseases, neuromyelitis optica, bullous pemphigoid, autoimmune myocarditis, primary biliary cirrhosis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and other autoimmune diseases. Clinical studies, eosinophil-targeted therapies, and experimental models have contributed to our understanding of the regulation and function of eosinophils in these diseases. By examining the role of eosinophils in autoimmune diseases of different organs, we can identify common pathogenic mechanisms. These include degranulation of cytotoxic granule proteins, induction of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, release of proteases degrading extracellular matrix, immune modulation through cytokines, antigen presentation, and prothrombotic functions. The association of eosinophilic diseases with autoimmune diseases is also examined, showing a possible increase in autoimmune diseases in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis, hypereosinophilic syndrome, and non-allergic asthma. Finally, we summarize key future research needs.