Disruptive effects of repeated stress on basolateral amygdala neurons and fear behavior across the estrous cycle in rats
Disruptive effects of repeated stress on basolateral amygdala neurons and fear behavior across the estrous cycle in rats
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-48683-3
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发表时间：
2019-08-23
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Rosenkranz, J. Amiel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blume, Shannon R.;Padival, Mallika;Rosenkranz, J. Amiel
压力是抑郁症和焦虑症的诱发因素。患有这些疾病的患者通常表现为杏仁核异常。基底外侧杏仁核（BLA）是情绪和情感的组成部分，对压力很敏感。虽然人们对应激对雄性BLA神经元活动和形态的影响了解很多，但对雌性的影响知之甚少。我们测试了重复应激是否对成年雌性大鼠体内BLA神经元活性和高尔基染色BLA神经元[外侧核（LAT）和基底核（BA）]形态有明显影响。重复约束应激使雄性大鼠BLA神经元放电增加，BLA神经元肥大，而雌性大鼠LAT和BA神经元放电减少，LAT神经元萎缩。BLA神经元的活动和功能，如恐惧调节，在发情周期中发生变化。在发情周期中，反复的压力破坏了这种BLA活动模式和恐惧表达。应激对发情期间BLA功能模式的破坏性影响可能导致发情周期特定阶段的非最佳行为。压力的不同影响可能导致压力对情绪和精神疾病影响的性别差异。
Stress is a precipitating factor in depression and anxiety disorders. Patients with these disorders often show amygdala abnormalities. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is integral in mood and emotion, and is sensitive to stress. While much is known about effects of stress on BLA neuron activity and morphology in males, less is known in females. We tested whether repeated stress exerts distinct effects on BLA in vivo neuronal activity and morphology of Golgi-stained BLA neurons [lateral (LAT) and basal (BA) nuclei] in adult female rats. Repeated restraint stress increased BLA neuronal firing and caused hypertrophy of BLA neurons in males, while it decreased LAT and BA neuronal firing and caused hypotrophy of neurons in the LAT of females. BLA neuronal activity and function, such as fear conditioning, shifts across the estrous cycle. Repeated stress disrupted this pattern of BLA activity and fear expression over the estrous cycle. The disruptive effects of stress on the pattern of BLA function across estrous may produce behavior that is non-optimal for a specific phase of the estrous cycle. The contrasting effects of stress may contribute to sex differences in the effects of stress on mood and psychiatric disorders.