Urban schistosomiasis: Morbidity, sociodemographic characteristics and water contact patterns predictive of infection
Urban schistosomiasis: Morbidity, sociodemographic characteristics and water contact patterns predictive of infection
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/25.6.1292
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发表时间：
1996-12-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Rocha, RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Firmo, JOA;Costa, MFLE;Rocha, RS
背景曼氏血吸虫（Schistosoma mansoni）通常被描述为一种发生在卫生条件差的地区的农村疾病。这项横断面研究是在巴西（贝洛奥里藏特）的一个大型工业化城市的郊区进行的，旨在研究血吸虫病在城市环境中的流行病学特征。一个简单的随机抽样658/1896住宅被选中，3049/3290（92.7%）居民提交粪便检查。在518例符合条件的感染者和518例未感染者中，分别有87.1%和89.8%的人参加了研究。曼氏血吸虫感染的患病率为20%，主要是粪便中卵子计数低;未发现脾肿大病例，感染相关体征和症状为血便（比值比[OA] = 8.0）和锁骨中部和胸骨中线可触及的硬化肝脏（OR值分别为5.5和8.0），社会人口学变量和水源接触者是感染的预测因素，年龄、性别、年龄、性别、年龄和水源接触者是感染的预测因素（10-19岁和≥ 20岁; OR分别为7.1和3.3），性别（男性; OR = 3.1），接触游泳和/或玩耍（每月两次或两次以下，每月两次以上; OR分别为2.2和3.0）和居住在贝洛奥里藏特（出生在城市; OR = 2.5），90%的住宅有自来水供应;没有发现供水和感染之间的关联。我们的研究结果强调，在这个工业化的城市地区，血吸虫病控制措施的重点是休闲目的的水接触。
Background. Schistosomiasis (Schistosoma mansoni) is classically described as a rural disease that occurs in areas with poor sanitary conditions. This cross-sectional study was undertaken in a suburban area of a large industrialized city in Brazil (Belo Horizonte), aiming at examining epidemiological characteristics of schistosomiasis in an urban setting.Methods. A simple random sample of 658/1896 dwellings was selected and 3049/3290 (92.7%) residents were submitted to stool examination. Of 518 eligible infected cases and 518 uninfected controls, 87.1% and 89.8% participated in the study, respectively.Results. The prevalence of S.mansoni infection was 20%, predominantly low egg counts in stools; no cases of splenomegaly were found. Signs and symptoms associated with infection were bloody stools (odds ratio [OA] = 8.0) and hardened palpable liver at the middle clavicular and at the middle sternal line (OR = 5.5 and 8.0, respectively), Sociodemographic variables and water contacts predictive of infection were age (10-19 and greater than or equal to 20 yrs; OR = 7.1 and 3.3, respectively), gender (male; OR = 3.1), contacts for swimming and/or playing (twice a month or less and more than twice a month; OR = 2.2 and 3.0, respectively) and residence in Belo Horizonte (born in the City; OR = 2.5), Ninety per cent of dwellings had a piped water supply; no association between water supply and infection was found.Conclusion. Our results emphasize the need for schistosomiasis control measures focusing on water contacts for leisure purposes in this industrialized urban area.