Medium access control with coordinated adaptive sleeping for wireless sensor networks
Medium access control with coordinated adaptive sleeping for wireless sensor networks
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DOI：
10.1109/tnet.2004.828953
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Estrin, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ye, W;Heidemann, J;Estrin, D
提出了一种针对无线传感器网络的介质访问控制（MAC）协议S-MAC。无线传感器网络使用电池供电的计算和传感设备。这些设备的网络将协作用于环境监测等共同应用。我们期望传感器网络以特设的方式部署，节点长时间保持不活动，但当检测到某些东西时会突然活跃起来。传感器网络和应用的这些特性促使MAC在几个方面不同于传统的无线MAC，如IEEE 802.11：节能和自配置是主要目标，而每个节点的公平性和延迟是不太重要的。S-MAC采用了一些新的技术来降低能耗，并支持自配置。它可以在多跳网络中实现低占空比操作。节点根据共同的睡眠时间表形成虚拟集群，以减少控制开销并实现流量自适应唤醒。S-MAC使用信道内信令来避免偷听不必要的流量。最后，S-MAC应用消息传递来减少需要网内数据处理的应用的争用延迟。本文介绍了一个样本传感器节点，加州大学伯克利分校的Mote的S-MAC性能的测量结果，并揭示了能源，延迟和吞吐量的基本权衡。结果表明，S-MAC获得了显着的节能相比，802.11类MAC没有睡眠。
This paper proposes S-MAC, a medium access control (MAC) protocol designed for wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor networks use battery-operated computing and sensing devices. A network of these devices will collaborate for a common application such as environmental monitoring. We expect sensor networks to be deployed in an ad hoc fashion, with nodes remaining largely inactive for long time, but becoming suddenly active when something is detected. These characteristics of sensor networks and applications motivate a MAC that is different from traditional wireless MACs such as IEEE 802.11 in several ways: energy conservation and self-configuration are primary goals, while per-node fairness and latency are less important. S-MAC uses a few novel techniques to reduce energy consumption and support self-configuration. It enables low-duty-cycle operation in a multihop network. Nodes form virtual clusters based on common sleep schedules to reduce control overhead and enable traffic-adaptive wake-up. S-MAC uses in-channel signaling to avoid overhearing unnecessary traffic. Finally, S-MAC applies message passing to reduce contention latency for applications that require in-network data processing. The paper presents measurement results of S-MAC performance on a sample sensor node, the UC Berkeley Mote, and reveals fundamental tradeoffs on energy, latency and throughput. Results show that S-MAC obtains significant energy savings compared with an 802.11-like MAC without sleeping.