Passive thermal management of the lithium-ion battery unit for a solar racing car
Passive thermal management of the lithium-ion battery unit for a solar racing car
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DOI：
10.1002/er.4521
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发表时间：
2019-06-25
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Erek, Aytunc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Celik, Acar;Coban, Huseyin;Erek, Aytunc
在这项研究中，建立了一个三维数值模型来研究Dokuz Eylul大学太阳能赛车（即SOLARIS）中使用的18650锂离子电池的热学和电学特性。采用ANSYS Fluent软件中的Newman， Tiedemann, Gu, and Kim （NTGK）电池模型来解决耦合多物理场问题。在分析中只考虑了电池的放电周期。在进行可变天气条件下的参数研究之前，在0℃和25℃两种不同的环境条件下，对电池温度和电池电压的时间变化进行了实验和数值评估。对比结果表明，使用当前的电池模型可以实现合理的预测。模型验证后，将该电池模型应用于SOLARIS的实际竞赛程序，对电池性能进行了数值检验。在电池周围放置不同数量和熔化温度的相变材料，并在真实天气条件下进行瞬态分析。目前的研究目标是将太阳能赛车的电池温度保持在一定限度以上，以防止过冷并保持较高的充电容量。采用熔融温度为26℃的PCM可使容量增加3.15%，这样的性能改进相当于可从单个电池中提取15.51 Wh的额外能量。
In this study, a three-dimensional numerical model is developed to investigate the thermal and electrical characteristics of 18 650 lithium-ion battery cells that are used in the solar racing car of Dokuz Eylul University, i.e., SOLARIS. The Newman, Tiedemann, Gu, and Kim (NTGK) battery model of ANSYS Fluent software is implemented to resolve the coupled multiphysics problem. In the analysis, only the discharging period of the battery is considered. Before going through parametric studies under variable weather conditions, time-wise variations of the cell temperature and the battery voltage are evaluated both experimentally and numerically under two different ambient conditions of 0 degrees C and 25 degrees C. Comparative results revealed that reasonable predictions are achieved with the current battery model, and the difference between the predicted battery surface temperature and experimental data is less than 1 degrees C. Following the model validation, the battery performance is numerically examined by applying the battery model to a real race procedure of SOLARIS. Phase change materials (PCMs) with different amounts and melting temperatures are implemented around the batteries, and transient analyses are conducted under real weather conditions. The current study aims to keep the battery temperature of a solar racing car above a certain limit to prevent the overcooling and maintain higher charging capacity. Implementation of PCM with a melting temperature of 26 degrees C yields 3.15% of capacity increment, and such a performance improvement corresponds to 15.51 Wh of extra energy that can be extracted from an individual battery.