Stability of topologically-protected quantum computing proposals as seen through spin glasses
Stability of topologically-protected quantum computing proposals as seen through spin glasses
复制标题
通过自旋玻璃观察拓扑保护量子计算方案的稳定性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ruben S. Andrist
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Katzgraber;Ruben S. Andrist
对噪声的敏感性使得目前的大多数量子计算方案容易出错和不可扩展，只允许小型原理验证设备。拓扑保护量子计算旨在通过将量子比特和门编码在硬件介质的拓扑属性中来解决这个问题，这些拓扑属性不受不会立即影响整个系统的噪声的影响。有不同的方法来实现拓扑稳定性或主动纠错，从准粒子编织到自旋模型和拓扑色码。这些建议对噪声的稳定性可以通过它们的误差阈值来量化。这个品质因数可以通过将问题映射到具有非平凡晶格上的局部无序的复杂的磁-力学自旋玻璃模型来计算，这种非平凡晶格可以具有多体相互作用，有时可以用晶格规范理论来描述。给定误差源的误差阈值则表示温度-无序相图中稳定的无序-破缺相消失的点。给出了用于估计错误阈值的技术的概述，以及不同拓扑保护量子计算方案对不同错误源的稳定性的最新结果的总结。
Sensitivity to noise makes most of the current quantum computing schemes prone to error and nonscalable, allowing only for small proof-of-principle devices. Topologically-protected quantum computing aims at solving this problem by encoding quantum bits and gates in topological properties of the hardware medium that are immune to noise that does not impact the entire system at once. There are different approaches to achieve topological stability or active error correction, ranging from quasiparticle braidings to spin models and topological colour codes. The stability of these proposals against noise can be quantified by their error threshold. This figure of merit can be computed by mapping the problem onto complex statistical-mechanical spin-glass models with local disorder on nontrival lattices that can have many-body interactions and are sometimes described by lattice gauge theories. The error threshold for a given source of error then represents the point in the temperature-disorder phase diagram where a stable symmetry-broken phase vanishes. An overview of the techniques used to estimate the error thresholds is given, as well as a summary of recent results on the stability of different topologically-protected quantum computing schemes to different error sources.