Mental health problems among university students and the impact of structural conditions
Mental health problems among university students and the impact of structural conditions
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DOI：
10.1007/s10389-015-0703-6
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Kleiber, Dieter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woerfel, Franziska;Gusy, Burkhard;Kleiber, Dieter
目的大学生心理健康是一个重要的和日益增长的公共卫生问题。国际研究表明，大学生中抑郁和焦虑的患病率很高。本研究的目的是确定抑郁症的患病率，以及德国大学生的焦虑和评估性别差异和研究领域之间的差异，以及类年。此外，一个重要的公共卫生问题的结构条件的影响，在大学的抑郁症和焦虑，是addressed.Subject和方法A基于网络的调查进行了两所德国大学，采用数据从1,707名学生。焦虑和抑郁障碍进行了评估与4项患者健康问卷（PHQ-4），并在大学的结构条件也determined.Results在2周前的调查，14.2%的学生表现出抑郁症状和16.3%的焦虑症状，这两种疾病的症状经历了8.4%。性别差异和差异与研究年份和领域，但效果大小表明，这些都没有经验相关。结构性条件，如学习要求，时间纬度，社会支持的学生，资格潜力和决策纬度，被证明是显着的预测抑郁症，并解释了18%的总方差。需求，时间纬度和社会支持的学生被证明是显着的预测焦虑，贡献了16%的总variance.Conclusions这些研究结果强调需要解决大学生的心理健康问题，并启动干预措施。此外，研究结果还表明，应调整对学生的学习要求，增加学习资源，特别是时间自由度和其他学生的社会支持。
Aim Mental health among university students represents an important and growing public health concern. International research has shown a high prevalence of depression and anxiety among university students. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression as well as anxiety among German university students and to assess gender differences and discrepancies between fields of study as well as class years. Additionally, an important public health issue-the impact of structural conditions at the university on depression and anxiety-was addressed.Subject and methods A Web-based survey was conducted at two German universities, employing data from 1,707 students. Anxiety and depressive disorders were assessed with the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4), and structural conditions at the universities were also determined.Results During the 2 weeks prior to the survey, 14.2 % of the students showed depressive and 16.3 % anxiety symptoms; symptoms of both disorders were experienced by 8.4 %. Gender differences and differences correlated with study year and field were found, but the effect size showed that these were not empirically relevant. Structural conditions, such as study demands, time latitude, social support by students, qualification potential and decision latitude, proved to be significant predictors for depression and accounted for 18 % of the total variance. Demands, time latitude and social support by students were proven to be significant predictors for anxiety, contributing to 16 % of the total variance.Conclusions These findings highlight the need to address mental health problems among university students and to initiate interventions. Furthermore, the findings implicate that study demands placed on students should be adjusted, and study resources, especially time latitude and social support by other students, should be promoted.