Improving the delivery of prenatal care and outcomes of pregnancy: a randomized trial of nurse home visitation.
Improving the delivery of prenatal care and outcomes of pregnancy: a randomized trial of nurse home visitation.
复制标题
改善产前护理和妊娠结局：护士家访的随机试验。
作者：
D. Olds;C. Henderson;R. Tatelbaum;R. Chamberlin
我们评估了一个全面的计划，产前和产后护士家访。该计划旨在预防青少年、未婚或社会经济地位低下的未经生育的妇女所生子女的各种健康和发育问题。在怀孕期间，与随机分配到对照组的妇女相比，接受护士探访的妇女了解到更多的社区服务;更频繁地参加分娩课程;更广泛地利用妇女、婴儿和儿童营养补充方案;饮食得到更大的改善;据报告，婴儿的父亲对她们的怀孕更感兴趣;在分娩过程中更频繁地由支持人员陪同到医院;报告更频繁地与家人，朋友和服务提供者谈论他们的怀孕和个人问题;并且肾脏感染较少。青少年（小于17岁）和吸烟者的后代的出生体重和妊娠时间的积极影响的程序。与对照组相比，接受护士访问的青少年生下的新生儿平均重395 g，吸烟并接受护士访问的妇女早产发生率降低了75%。（所有结果的P均小于或等于0.05。）
We evaluated a comprehensive program of prenatal and postpartum nurse home visitation. The program was designed to prevent a wide range of health and developmental problems in children born to primiparous women who were either teenagers, unmarried, or of low socioeconomic status. During pregnancy, women who were visited by nurses, compared with women randomly assigned to comparison groups, became aware of more community services; attended childbirth classes more frequently; made more extensive use of the nutritional supplementation program for women, infants, and children; made greater dietary improvements; reported that their babies' fathers became more interested in their pregnancies; were accompanied to the hospital by a support person during labor more frequently; reported talking more frequently to family members, friends, and service providers about their pregnancies and personal problems; and had fewer kidney infections. Positive effects of the program on birth weight and length of gestation were present for the offspring of young adolescents (less than 17 years of age) and smokers. In contrast to their comparison-group counterparts, young adolescents who were visited by nurses gave birth to newborns who were an average of 395 g heavier, and women who smoked and were visited by nurses exhibited a 75% reduction in the incidence of preterm delivery. (P less than or equal to .05 for all findings.)