Introduction to Geohazards of Central China
Introduction to Geohazards of Central China
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DOI：
10.1144/qjegh2014-054
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发表时间：
2014-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Dijkstra;J. Wasowski;M. Winter;X. Meng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Dijkstra;J. Wasowski;M. Winter;X. Meng
这组专题论文旨在提高人们对华中地区地质灾害的类型、性质、影响和冲击的认识。这些论文将发表在《地球科学前沿》（QJEGH）本期及后续各期，展示对华中山区生活和工作的人们的生活和生计所造成的重大影响。由于地质灾害对生命和生计产生严重影响，中国经常成为新闻热点。华中山区经常遭受高强度的灾害，近期的例子如2008年汶川地震和2010年舟曲泥石流。快速的经济发展带来城市中心和基础设施网络的扩张，这不仅增加了人口在动态环境中暴露于自然过程的风险，还可能导致本就不太稳定的地貌承受更大压力。频繁的地质灾害事件引发了大量研究，以更好地理解相关过程和物质特性，从而为制定和实施减轻这些地质灾害负面影响的有效策略提供依据。由于地处青藏高原东缘，甘肃、四川和云南等省受地质灾害影响尤为严重（图1）。这个构造活跃区域受到持续隆升的强烈影响，在向东和向东北方向，地壳应力释放导致一些非常大的北北东 - 南南西和西北西 - 东南东走向的走滑和逆冲断层带系统形成（例如，Dijkstra等人，1993年）。这些断层沿线的相对隆升和位移差异对华中地区目前的地形地貌产生了重大影响。可以区分出几个重要的地质灾害区域，在本引言中，我们简要强调其中两个区域的问题……
This thematic set of papers is intended to raise awareness of the types, nature, effects and impacts of geohazards in Central China. The papers will be published in this and subsequent issues of QJEGH and demonstrate the significant impacts that are wrought on the lives and livelihoods of those who live and work in the mountainous areas of Central China. China is all too often in the news as a result of geohazards that have a severe impact on lives and livelihoods. The mountainous terrain of Central China is subject to frequent hazards of high intensity with recent examples such as the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and the 2010 Zhouqu debris flow. Rapid economic development brings with it expansion of urban centres and infrastructure networks, which not only increases the exposure of the population to natural processes in a dynamic environment, but can also lead to further strains on a landscape that is only marginally stable. Frequent geohazard events have sparked much research in an effort to better understand processes and material properties that can be used to inform and implement effective strategies to mitigate against the negative consequences of these geohazards. Owing to their location along the eastern margins of the Tibetan Plateau the provinces of Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan are particularly affected by geohazards (Fig. 1). This tectonically active region is strongly affected by continuing uplift and, towards the east and NE, crustal stress release has resulted in the formation of some very large systems of NNE–SSW- and WNW–ESE-trending strike-slip and thrust fault zones (e.g. Dijkstra et al . 1993). Differences in relative uplift and displacement along these faults have had a significant impact on the present physiography of Central China. Several important geohazard regions can be distinguished and in this introduction we briefly highlight issues in two of …