Bioinformatics for Cancer Immunotherapy
Bioinformatics for Cancer Immunotherapy
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-0716-0327-7_1
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Loewer, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Holtstraeter, Christoph;Schroers, Barbara;Loewer, Martin
我们的免疫系统在健康和疾病中起着关键作用，因为它能够对外来抗原以及从癌细胞获得的抗原做出反应。后者是由体细胞突变引起的，即所谓的新表位，如果它们由癌细胞表面的HLA分子呈递，则可能被T细胞识别。个体化突变组疫苗是一类定制的免疫疗法，其依赖于个体癌症特异性肿瘤突变和新表位（即，预测，然后是合理的疫苗设计，然后按需生产。下一代测序（NGS）技术和生物信息学工具的发展允许对该过程中涉及的每个参数进行大规模分析。在这里，我们提供了一个概述的生物信息学方面涉及的个性化，基于新抗原的疫苗的设计，包括突变的检测和潜在的表位的后续预测，以及相关的生物标志物研究的方法，如T细胞受体（TCR）的高通量测序，其次是数据分析和癌症样本中免疫细胞浸润的生物信息学定量。
Our immune system plays a key role in health and disease as it is capable of responding to foreign antigens as well as acquired antigens from cancer cells. Latter are caused by somatic mutations, the so-called neoepitopes, and might be recognized by T cells if they are presented by HLA molecules on the surface of cancer cells. Personalized mutanome vaccines are a class of customized immunotherapies, which is dependent on the detection of individual cancer-specific tumor mutations and neoepitope (i.e., prediction, followed by a rational vaccine design, before on-demand production. The development of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and bioinformatic tools allows a large-scale analysis of each parameter involved in this process. Here, we provide an overview of the bioinformatic aspects involved in the design of personalized, neoantigen-based vaccines, including the detection of mutations and the subsequent prediction of potential epitopes, as well as methods for associated biomarker research, such as high-throughput sequencing of T-cell receptors (TCRs), followed by data analysis and the bioinformatics quantification of immune cell infiltration in cancer samples.