The classification of esterases: an important gene family involved in insecticide resistance - A review
The classification of esterases: an important gene family involved in insecticide resistance - A review
复制标题
DOI：
10.1590/s0074-02762012000400001
复制
发表时间：
2012-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Valle, Denise
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Montella, Isabela Reis;Schama, Renata;Valle, Denise
化学杀虫剂的使用在控制病媒种群方面继续发挥着重要作用，导致杀虫剂抗药性在全球蔓延。由于三个主要酶家族的表达或活性增加，杀虫剂解毒能力更强，也称为代谢抗性，是一种主要的抗性机制。酯酶家族可水解酯键，酯键存在于多种杀虫剂中；因此，这些酶可能参与对控制程序中使用的主要化学物质的抵抗。从历史上看，杀虫剂抗性推动了对昆虫酯酶及其分类方案的研究。目前，有几种不同的命名法用于描述不同物种的酯酶，并且不存在通用的标准分类。酯酶基因家族似乎正在快速进化，每个昆虫物种都有独特的解毒基因补充，跨物种只有少数直系同源物。本综述中列出的例子涵盖了其生化性质的不同方面。然而，它们似乎无助于可靠地区分不同的耐药机制。目前，系统发育标准似乎是酯酶分类的最佳标准。基因组、生化和微阵列的联合研究将有助于阐明这个复杂基因家族的分类。
The use of chemical insecticides continues to play a major role in the control of disease vector populations, which is leading to the global dissemination of insecticide resistance. A greater capacity to detoxify insecticides, due to an increase in the expression or activity of three major enzyme families, also known as metabolic resistance, is one major resistance mechanisms. The esterase family of enzymes hydrolyse ester bonds, which are present in a wide range of insecticides; therefore, these enzymes may be involved in resistance to the main chemicals employed in control programs. Historically, insecticide resistance has driven research on insect esterases and schemes for their classification. Currently, several different nomenclatures are used to describe the esterases of distinct species and a universal standard classification does not exist. The esterase gene family appears to be rapidly evolving and each insect species has a unique complement of detoxification genes with only a few orthologues across species. The examples listed in this review cover different aspects of their biochemical nature. However, they do not appear to contribute to reliably distinguish among the different resistance mechanisms. Presently, the phylogenetic criterion appears to be the best one for esterase classification. Joint genomic, biochemical and microarray studies will help unravel the classification of this complex gene family.