Maximum information states for coherent scattering measurements
Maximum information states for coherent scattering measurements
复制标题
相干散射测量的最大信息状态
作者：
D. Bouchet;S. Rotter;A. Mosk
使用相干光进行精确测量一直是许多研究方向的关键驱动力，从生物医学光学1，2到半导体制造3。最近的工作表明，通过调整用于估计可观测系统参数4-10的光场的空间轮廓，可以大大提高这种测量的精度。这些进步自然提出了一个有趣的问题，即哪些光状态可以提供最终的测量精度11。在这里，我们介绍了一种通用的方法来确定用于估计任何给定参数的最佳光的相干态，而不考虑系统的复杂性。我们的分析表明，提供最终测量精度的光场是从系统的散射矩阵12量化费雪信息的厄米算符的本征态。为了说明这一概念，我们实验表明，这些最大信息态可以探测被无序介质隐藏的物体的相位或位置，与未优化的状态相比，精度提高了一个数量级。我们的结果可以在任意复杂的系统中进行最精确的测量，从而为计量和成像应用建立了一个新的基准3，13。波前整形可以减少由于无序介质引起的测量噪声的不确定性-这是许多成像应用的关键。使用光场可以获得最佳精度，光场是与介质的散射矩阵相关的算符的本征态。
The use of coherent light for precision measurements has been a key driving force for numerous research directions, ranging from biomedical optics1,2 to semiconductor manufacturing3. Recent work demonstrates that the precision of such measurements can be substantially improved by tailoring the spatial profile of light fields used for estimating an observable system parameter4–10. These advances naturally raise the intriguing question of which states of light can provide the ultimate measurement precision11. Here we introduce a general approach to determine the optimal coherent states of light for estimating any given parameter, regardless of the complexity of the system. Our analysis reveals that the light fields delivering the ultimate measurement precision are eigenstates of a Hermitian operator that quantifies the Fisher information from the system’s scattering matrix12. To illustrate this concept, we experimentally show that these maximum information states can probe the phase or the position of an object that is hidden by a disordered medium with a precision improved by an order of magnitude compared with unoptimized states. Our results enable optimally precise measurements in arbitrarily complex systems, thus establishing a new benchmark for metrology and imaging applications3,13. Wavefront shaping can reduce uncertainties due to measurement noise through disordered media—key to many imaging applications. Optimal precision can be achieved using light fields that are eigenstates of an operator related to the medium’s scattering matrix.
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影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Shechtman Y;Sahl SJ;Backer AS;Moerner WE
通讯作者：
Moerner WE
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Ruan H;Haber T;Liu Y;Brake J;Kim J;Berlin JM;Yang C
通讯作者：
Yang C
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Chen, Weijian;Ozdemir, Sahin Kaya;Yang, Lan
通讯作者：
Yang, Lan
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Fiderer, Lukas J.;Fraisse, Julien M. E.;Braun, Daniel
通讯作者：
Braun, Daniel