Personality in patients with affective disorders and their relatives
Personality in patients with affective disorders and their relatives
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DOI：
10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00154-2
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发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
von Zerssen, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hecht, H;van Calker, D;von Zerssen, D
背景：在对患者和高危受试者的研究中，已发现特定的人格模式与情感障碍有关。神经质和忧郁型人格特征似乎是抑郁症的危险因素，而躁狂型人格的病前特征在躁狂发作多于抑郁发作的患者中占主导地位。虽然神经质在大多数精神障碍中盛行，但“情绪型”人格变异似乎更具体地与情感性障碍有关。方法：对122例情感性精神障碍康复期患者、58例一级亲属(高危人群)及相应对照组(n=48；n=29)进行人格特征调查。患者被细分为：单相抑郁(忧郁亚型)；双相II；双相I伴更多抑郁发作；双相I伴更多躁狂发作。人格测量基于传记人格访谈(BPI)和慕尼黑人格测验(MPT)。结果：抑郁人格类型(BPI)由单相抑郁组减少到以躁狂型为主，躁狂型特征增多。MPT评分未能区分不同的患者亚组。根据MPT，HR比对照组更内向，对社会规范的倾向性更强，而BPI则显示出倾向于忧郁型。限制：某些组或子组的规模相对较小。因此，在继续研究时，必须扩大它们，以增加统计检验的力量，从而确定结果的稳健性。结论：胆汁性黑素血症可能是抑郁症的危险因素。高度可预测的风险因素的确定为制定预防方案提供了机会。(C)1998 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
Background: In studies of both patients and high-risk subjects, particular patterns of personality have been found to be associated with affective disorders. Neuroticism and features of the melancholic type of personality seem to be risk factors for depression while premorbid features of the manic type of personality predominate in patients with more manic than depressive episodes. While neuroticism prevails in the majority of mental disorders, the 'affective' personality variants appear to be more specifically associated with affective disorders. Methods: Personality features were investigated in 122 recovered patients with affective disorders, 58 first-degree relatives (high-risk subjects (HR)) and in the respective control groups (n = 48; n = 29). Patients were subdivided into: unipolar depression (melancholic subtype); bipolar II; bipolar I with more depressive episodes and bipolar I with more manic episodes. Personality measures were based on the Biographical Personality Interview (BPI) and the Munich Personality Test (MPT). Results: The melancholic personality type (BPI) decreased from the unipolar depressives to the mainly manic group, while features of the manic type increased. MPT scores failed to discriminate between subgroups of patients. HR were significantly more introverted and had a stronger orientation towards social norms than controls according to the MPT, and showed a tendency towards the melancholic type according to the BPI. Limitations: The sizes of some groups or subgroups are relatively small. Therefore, they have to be enlarged in the continuation of the study so as to increase the power of the statistical tests and thus to ascertain the robustness of the results. Conclusion: Features of the typus melancholicus seem to be a risk factor for depression. The identification of highly predictive risk factors provides an opportunity for the development of prevention programms. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.