Separation of CO2 from flue gas:: A review
Separation of CO2 from flue gas:: A review
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DOI：
10.1081/ss-200042244
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Tsouris, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aaron, D;Tsouris, C
由于人类活动，每年大约有70亿吨碳排放到地球大气中。这些碳的很大一部分以气态二氧化碳的形式存在，其中大约30%的二氧化碳来自化石燃料发电厂。除了大气中二氧化碳含量的上升，地球的温度也在上升。由于二氧化碳可以作为热量的陷阱（类似于温室中的玻璃），减少二氧化碳的排放是一个重要的研究领域。二氧化碳的分离和封存是减排的近期目标。提高燃油效率（在电力生产、运输和其他领域）可以被视为一个中期目标。减少排放的一个可接受的长期目标是使用替代能源，如核能、太阳能和风能。由于分离和封存是短期目标，因此对研究人员来说是关键和具有挑战性的步骤。本文综述的方法包括溶剂或固体吸附剂的吸附，各种固体吸附剂的变压变温吸附，低温蒸馏，膜吸附以及一些新兴的技术。总结了目前最有前途的CO2分离方法是单乙醇胺（MEA）液相吸收法。虽然这种方法目前是最有前途的，但用于膜扩散的陶瓷膜和金属膜的发展应该会产生比液体吸收更有效的分离膜。本报告中调查的其他方法要么太新，无法进行比较，要么似乎不太可能经历重大变化，使其适合实施。
As a result of human activity, approximately 7 Gt of carbon are emitted to the earth's atmosphere each year. A large portion of this carbon is in the form of gaseous CO2, and approximately 30% of this CO2 Comes from fossil fuel power plants. In addition to rising levels of atmospheric CO2, the earth's temperature is increasing. Since CO2 can act as a trap for heat (similar to the glass in a greenhouse), reduction of CO2 emissions is an important area of research. Separation and sequestration of CO2 are near-term goals for emissions reduction. Better fuel efficiency (in power production, transportation, and other areas) can be considered a mid-term goal. An acceptable long-term goal for reducing emissions is using alternate power sources such as nuclear, solar, and wind power. Because separation and sequestration are short-term goals, they are critical and challenging steps for researchers. Methods that are reviewed in this paper include absorption using solvents or solid sorbents, pressure- and temperature-swing adsorption using various solid sorbents, cryogenic distillation, membranes, and several novel and emerging technologies. Upon completion of this review, it was concluded that the most promising current method for CO2 separation is liquid absorption using monoethanolamine (MEA). While this method is currently most promising, the development of ceramic and metallic membranes for membrane diffusion should produce membranes significantly more efficient at separation than liquid absorption. The other methods investigated in this report are either too new for comparison or appear unlikely to experience significant changes to make them desirable for implementation.