Feature-based attention potentiates recovery of fine direction discrimination in cortically blind patients.
Feature-based attention potentiates recovery of fine direction discrimination in cortically blind patients.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.12.010
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发表时间：
2019-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Huxlin KR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cavanaugh MR;Barbot A;Carrasco M;Huxlin KR
训练慢性皮质盲（CB）患者进行粗略的[左右]方向辨别和整合（CDDI）任务，可以在训练的盲区位置恢复该任务的表现。然而，精细方向差（FDD）阈值在这些位置仍然升高，限制了恢复视力在日常生活中的作用。在这里，我们询问这种FDD缺陷是否可以通过内源性的、基于特征的注意（FBA）线索训练CB受试者来克服。招募了10名CB受试者，并对他们进行了CDDI和FDD与FBA线索或FDD与中性线索的训练。每个训练方案完成后，在训练后的盲场位置和相应的完整场位置，用中性和FBA线索重新测量FDD阈值。在视野的完整部分，FBA测试的FDD阈值低于中性线索。在盲区训练受试者的CDDI任务将FDD性能提高到可以测量阈值的程度，但这些位置相对于完整的领域仍然受损。中性线索训练的FDD阈值优于CDDI训练的盲场FDD阈值，但无论测试线索条件如何，盲场FDD阈值仍低于完整的盲场水平。重要的是，与CDDI训练相比，使用FBA在盲场中训练FDD降低了FDD阈值，并使盲场达到与完整场相似的阈值，即使使用中性而非FBA线索进行FBA训练的受试者也是如此。最后，FDD训练似乎也恢复了在训练盲区位置的正常整合阈值，提供了关于CDDI训练的有趣的双重解离。总之，控制FBA的机制似乎在V1损伤后的完整和受损的视野区域正常运作。我们的结果标志着第一次看到CB领域的FDD阈值达到了完整的领域性能水平。此外，在视觉训练期间，FBA可以在训练后的盲场位置恢复正常的、精细的方向识别和整合性能，从而增强在皮质盲场中运动感知更复杂和精确方面的视觉恢复。
Training chronic, cortically-blind (CB) patients on a coarse [left-right] direction discrimination and integration (CDDI) task recovers performance on this task at trained, blind field locations. However, fine direction difference (FDD) thresholds remain elevated at these locations, limiting the usefulness of recovered vision in daily life. Here, we asked if this FDD impairment can be overcome by training CB subjects with endogenous, feature-based attention (FBA) cues. Ten CB subjects were recruited and trained on CDDI and FDD with an FBA cue or FDD with a neutral cue. After completion of each training protocol, FDD thresholds were re-measured with both neutral and FBA cues at trained, blind-field locations and at corresponding, intact-field locations. In intact portions of the visual field, FDD thresholds were lower when tested with FBA than neutral cues. Training subjects in the blind field on the CDDI task improved FDD performance to the point that a threshold could be measured, but these locations remained impaired relative to the intact field. FDD training with neutral cues resulted in better blind field FDD thresholds than CDDI training, but thresholds remained impaired relative to intact field levels, regardless of testing cue condition. Importantly, training FDD in the blind field with FBA lowered FDD thresholds relative to CDDI training, and allowed the blind field to reach thresholds similar to the intact field, even when FBA trained subjects were tested with a neutral rather than FBA cue. Finally, FDD training appeared to also recover normal integration thresholds at trained, blind-field locations, providing an interesting double dissociation with respect to CDDI training. In summary, mechanisms governing FBA appear to function normally in both intact and impaired regions of the visual field following V1 damage. Our results mark the first time that FDD thresholds in CB fields have been seen to reach intact field levels of performance. Moreover, FBA can be leveraged during visual training to recover normal, fine direction discrimination and integration performance at trained, blind-field locations, potentiating visual recovery of more complex and precise aspects of motion perception in cortically-blinded fields.
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