Influence of the host on three sub-Arctic annual facultative root hemiparasites: I. Growth, mineral accumulation and above-lground dry-matter partitioning.
Influence of the host on three sub-Arctic annual facultative root hemiparasites: I. Growth, mineral accumulation and above-lground dry-matter partitioning.
复制标题
寄主对三种亚北极一年生兼性根半寄生生物的影响：I.生长、矿物质积累和地上干物质分配。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.1993.tb03871.x
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Press
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Seel;M. Press
对三种亚北极一年生兼性根半寄生植物（Rhinanthus minor L.、Euphrasia frigida L. 和 Melampyrum sylvaticum L.）的生长、矿物质积累和地上干物质分配进行了测量，它们要么独立生长，要么附着在寄主植物上。附着植物比独立植物高至少一个数量级，个体产生的地上总生物量比独立植物高出三个数量级。附着的植物产生更多数量的枝、叶、芽、花和成熟的种子蒴果。附着植物的叶子尺寸大于未附着植物。对于两种物种，即小犀牛和冷毛犀，将附着在豆科植物上的个体的反应与附着在草上的个体的反应进行了比较。豆类宿主对寄生虫生长的刺激比草更强。豆科植物宿主上的寄生虫的结构与草上或独立的寄生虫有很大不同，豆科植物上的寄生虫通常具有相当多的二级分支。地上生物量分配受到宿主附着的影响，并且是宿主类型的函数。所有三种寄生物的未附着植物积累的叶元素浓度与其寄主处于同一数量级。附着植物中的元素浓度有时但并非总是高于其寄主的元素浓度。附着在豆科植物上的寄生虫的元素浓度（尤其是氮）最高。
Growth, mineral accumulation and above-ground dry-matter partitioning were measured in three sub-Arctic annual facultative root hemiparasites, Rhinanthus minor L., Euphrasia frigida L. and Melampyrum sylvaticum L., growing either unattached or attached to a host plant. Attached plants were at least an order of magnitude taller than unattached plants, and individuals produced a total above-ground biomass up to three orders of magnitude greater than that produced by unattached plants. Attached plants produced a greater number of branches, leaves, buds, flowers and ripe seed capsules. Leaf size was greater in attached than unattached plants. For two species, Rhinanthus minor and Euphrasia frigida, the response of individuals attached to a legume was compared to the response of those attached to a grass. Stimulation of parasite growth was greater with a legume host than with a grass. The architecture of parasites on legume hosts differed greatly from those either on grasses or unattached, with those on legumes often having a considerably greater number of second order branches. Above-ground biomass partitioning was affected by attachment to a host, and was a function of host type. Unattached plants of all three species of parasite accumulated foliar element concentrations within the same order of magnitude as their hosts. Element concentrations in attached plants were sometimes, but not always, greater than those of their hosts. Element concentrations, especially N, were greatest in those parasites attached to a legume.