Propensity of alcohol establishments to sell to obviously intoxicated patrons
Propensity of alcohol establishments to sell to obviously intoxicated patrons
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00142.x
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Erickson, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lenk, KM;Toomey, TL;Erickson, DJ
背景资料：虽然向明显喝醉的人出售酒精是非法的，但最近的几项研究表明，这种销售的倾向很高。我们的研究进一步评估了酒精设施向明显醉酒的顾客出售酒精的倾向。除了提供更多的最近的数据（2001年）在中西部的伪醉酒购买企图的前提机构，我们的研究探讨建立政策/做法和销售的可能性醉酒顾客之间的关联。方法：我们雇了专业演员假装醉酒，试图购买酒精我们在231家酒吧和餐馆进行了一次电话调查，调查对象是每家酒吧的老板/经理。我们的因变量是购买尝试的结果（酒精出售与不出售）。我们的自变量包括政策/做法的机构和买家/服务器，机构，和neighborhoods.Results的特点：伪陶醉的顾客能够购买酒精在65%的尝试。多变量分析表明：（1）与仅持有啤酒和/或葡萄酒许可证的机构相比，持有完整酒类许可证的机构不太可能向醉酒的顾客出售酒;（2）经理平均受雇时间至少为1年的机构更可能向明显醉酒的顾客出售酒;以及（3）每月至少举行一次员工会议的场所不太可能向明显喝醉的顾客出售。邻里特征与我们的结果在多变量analysis.Conclusions：我们的研究结果提供了更多的证据，需要解决非法销售酒精中毒的顾客，特别是考虑到这些类型的销售造成的顾客之间的中毒水平增加可能会导致酒精相关的问题。
Background: Although it is illegal to sell alcohol to an individual who appears obviously intoxicated, several recent studies show that the propensity of these types of sales is high. Our study further assesses the propensity of alcohol establishments to sell alcohol to obviously intoxicated patrons. In addition to providing more recent data (2001) on pseudo-intoxicated purchase attempts at Midwestern on-premise establishments, our study examines the association between establishment policies/practices and the likelihood of sales to intoxicated patrons.Method: We hired professional actors to feign intoxication while attempting to purchase alcohol (pseudo-intoxicated patrons) at 231 bars and restaurants, and we conducted a phone survey of owners/managers of each establishment. Our dependent variable was purchase attempt outcome (alcohol sold vs not sold). Our independent variables included policies/practices of establishments and characteristics of buyers/servers, establishments, and neighborhoods.Results: Pseudo-intoxicated patrons were able to purchase alcohol in 65% of their attempts. Multivariate analyses showed the following: (1) compared with establishments with beer- and/or wine-only licenses, establishments with full liquor licenses were less likely to sell to intoxicated patrons; (2) establishments with average length of employment among managers of at least 1 year were more likely to sell to obviously intoxicated patrons; and (3) establishments that held staff meetings at least once a month were less likely to sell to obviously intoxicated patrons. Neighborhood characteristics were not associated with our outcome in multivariate analyses.Conclusions: Our findings provide increased evidence of the need to address the illegal sale of alcohol to intoxicated patrons, particularly given that increased intoxication levels among patrons resulting from these types of sales can lead to alcohol-related problems.