Influence of Atmospheric Conditions on High-Elevation Flight of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Influence of Atmospheric Conditions on High-Elevation Flight of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
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大气条件对西部玉米根虫（鞘翅目：叶甲科）高海拔飞行的影响
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发表时间：
2004
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Levine
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作者：
S. Isard;J. Spencer;T. Mabry;E. Levine
摘要 西部玉米根虫的一种变种，Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte（鞘翅目：叶甲科），通过飞出玉米田在种植其他作物的田地中产卵来规避作物轮作，这给东部玉米带的生产者带来了新的管理挑战。这种抗旋转变种首先在伊利诺伊州中东部发现，并迅速传播到印第安纳州北部、密歇根州南部和俄亥俄州西北部。这种变种在该地区的传播似乎是白天高空飞行的结果。本研究通过对甲虫在海拔10 m处飞行活动的测量和气象因素进行分析，评估大气条件对西部玉米根虫高空飞行的影响。 2000年7月和2002年8月72天的甲虫收集结果显示，高海拔西部玉米根虫飞行有两个明显的高峰，第一个在0645至1100点之间，第二个在1700至2030点之间。研究发现，低温、高风速和黑暗会限制甲虫的飞行活动；然而，在有利于空中活动的天气条件范围内，飞行活动的水平与个别环境因素的值并不严格相关。相反，西部玉米根虫飞行活动在 10 米高处的峰值与田地上方大气条件的可预测转变相对应。
Abstract A variant of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), that circumvents crop rotation by flying out of cornfields to lay eggs in fields planted to other crops is presenting new management challenges to producers in the eastern Corn Belt. The rotation-resistant variant was first noted in east central Illinois and quickly dispersed to northern Indiana, southern Michigan, and northwestern Ohio. The spread of this variant throughout this region seems to be a result of high-altitude daytime flight. In this study, measurements of beetle flight activity at 10 m above ground level and meteorological factors are analyzed to evaluate the influence of atmospheric conditions on high-elevation flight of western corn rootworm. Collections of beetles from 72 d in July and August 2000–2002 reveal two pronounced peaks in high-elevation western corn rootworm flight, the first between 0645 and 1100 hours and the second between 1700 and 2030 hours. Low temperatures, high wind speeds, and darkness were found to limit beetle flight activity; however, within the range of weather conditions conducive to aerial movement, the level of flight activity was not strictly related to the values of individual environmental factors. Instead, peaks in western corn rootworm flight activity at 10-m elevation corresponded to predictable transitions in atmospheric conditions above the fields.